Perceptual decision processes flexibly adapt to avoid change-of-mind motor costs
Perceptual decision processes flexibly adapt to avoid change-of-mind motor costs
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DOI：
10.1167/14.8.1
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发表时间：
2014-01-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Song, Joo-Hyun
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Moher, Jeff;Song, Joo-Hyun
运动系统与感知和认知紧密相连。最近的研究表明，甚至与竞争性反应选项相关的预期生物物理行动成本也可以纳入决策过程。因此，与高能源成本相关的选择不太可能被选择。然而，某些行动成本可能更难以预测。例如，一个人在杂货店选择苹果时可能会突然改变主意，决定将哪个苹果放入购物车。这种想法的改变可能会反映在运动输出中，因为最初的决定触发了对青苹果的运动反应，随后又被重定向到红美味。在本研究中，为了检查与思想变化相关的运动成本如何影响感知决策，参与者执行了一项困难的随机点运动辨别任务，其中他们必须通过达到两个响应选项之一来指示运动方向。尽管每个响应框与起始位置始终等距，但两个响应选项之间的物理距离是不同的。我们发现，当盒子彼此相距较远时，想法的改变会导致更大的重定向运动成本，改变想法的频率会降低，而启动运动的延迟会增加。即使当响应框距离在每次试验中随机变化并且在每次试验开始前仅 1 秒提示时，也会发生这种情况。因此，我们证明观察者可以动态调整感知决策过程，以避免因改变想法而产生高运动成本。
The motor system is tightly linked with perception and cognition. Recent studies have shown that even anticipated biophysical action costs associated with competing response options can be incorporated into decision-making processes. As a result, choices associated with high energy costs are less likely to be selected. However, some action costs may be harder to predict. For example, a person choosing among apples at a grocery store may change his or her mind suddenly about which apple to put into the cart. This change of mind may be reflected in motor output as the initial decision triggers a motor response toward a Granny Smith that is subsequently redirected toward a Red Delicious. In the present study, to examine how motor costs associated with changes of mind affect perceptual decision making, participants performed a difficult random dot-motion discrimination task in which they had to indicate the direction of motion by reaching to one of two response options. Although each response box was always equidistant from the starting position, the physical distance between the two response options was varied. We found that when the boxes were far apart from one another, and thus changes of mind incurred greater redirection motor costs, change-of-mind frequency decreased while latency to initiate movement increased. This occurred even when response box distance varied randomly from trial to trial and was cued only 1 s before each trial began. Thus, we demonstrated that observers can dynamically adjust perceptual decision-making processes to avoid high motor costs incurred by a change of mind.