A Qualitative Study of the Barriers to and Facilitators of Smoking Cessation Among Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Smokers Who Are Interested in Quitting
A Qualitative Study of the Barriers to and Facilitators of Smoking Cessation Among Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Smokers Who Are Interested in Quitting
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DOI：
10.1089/lgbt.2016.0059
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发表时间：
2017-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
King, Andrea
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Matthews, Alicia K.;Cesario, John;King, Andrea
目的：女同性恋、男同性恋、双性恋和变性人（LGBT）明显比异性恋和顺性人更容易吸烟。本研究的目的是探讨LGBT吸烟者戒烟准备的障碍和促进因素。方法：本研究采用定性方法。进行了四个90分钟的焦点小组（资格标准：21岁，自我认同为LGBT，目前吸烟者，有兴趣戒烟）。参与者还完成了一项简短的调查，测量了额外的人口统计学特征和吸烟行为。研究的主题包括戒烟经历、态度和信念、戒烟的障碍和促进因素，以及与吸烟行为有关的文化因素。采用已建立的定性方法进行焦点小组和数据分析。结果：参与者的平均年龄（N = 31）为37.1岁，以男性为主（58.1%）。样本群体具有种族多样性：32%是非洲裔美国人，39%是白人，29%是一个以上的种族。戒烟的兴趣很高（M = 9.0，范围0-10）。戒烟障碍属于个人因素、文化因素、社会心理因素和获得治疗的广泛主题。戒烟的促进因素包括准备阶段、健康问题、社会耻辱、社会规范的转变、经济成本和约会前景的改善。结论：在这个LGBT吸烟者样本中，戒烟的兴趣很高，并受到一系列促进因素的影响。尽管如此，还是确定了戒烟准备方面的几个一般和文化障碍。研究结果对未来的研究和推广、预防和治疗方案的发展具有启示意义。
Purpose: Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) individuals are significantly more likely to smoke compared with their heterosexual and cisgender counterparts. The purpose of this study was to explore barriers to and facilitators of smoking cessation readiness among LGBT smokers.Methods: This descriptive study used a qualitative approach. Four 90-minute focus groups (eligibility criteria: age 21, self-identify as LGBT, current smoker, interest in quitting smoking) were conducted. Participants also completed a brief survey that measured additional demographic characteristics and smoking behaviors. Topics explored included quit experiences, attitudes and beliefs, barriers to and facilitators of cessation, and cultural factors related to smoking behaviors. Established qualitative methods were used to conduct the focus groups and data analysis.Results: The mean age of participants (N = 31) was 37.1 years with the majority identifying as male (58.1%). The sample group was racially diverse: 32% were African American, 39% were White, and 29% were more than one race. Interest in quitting was high (M = 9.0, range 0-10). Barriers to smoking cessation fell under the broad themes of individual-level factors, cultural factors, psychosocial factors, and access to treatment. Facilitators of smoking cessation included stage of readiness, health concerns, social stigma, a shift in social norms, financial costs, and improving dating prospects.Conclusions: Interest in smoking cessation was high in this sample of LGBT smokers and influenced by a range of facilitators. Nevertheless, several general and culturally specific barriers to smoking cessation readiness were identified. The study results have implications for future research and the development of outreach, prevention, and treatment programs.