Individual differences in handedness and specific speech and language impairment: Evidence against a genetic link
Individual differences in handedness and specific speech and language impairment: Evidence against a genetic link
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DOI：
10.1023/a:1012239617367
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发表时间：
2001-07-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Bishop, DVM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bishop, DVM
来自两项双胞胎研究的数据被用来解决两个相关的问题。首先，儿童的惯用手与特定言语和语言障碍（SSLI）之间是否存在任何联系？第二，是否有遗传影响的个体差异，在利手，如果是这样，是相同的基因牵连的原因SSLI？第一项研究使用了先前招募的58个MZ和26个DZ对的数据，用于调查SSLI的遗传起源。所有配对均包含至少一名SSLI儿童。利手进行了评估，使用偏好清单和轻敲任务，从偏侧商（LQ）的推导。这些双胞胎和172个单胎对照组之间没有利手差异，两项测量都没有显示利手和SSLI之间有任何关联。CE模型（无遗传影响）和AE模型（无共享环境的影响）的手偏好和轻敲LQ的数据同样拟合良好。非共享的环境是最大的影响利手的两项措施。双变量分析表明SSLI和利手没有重叠的遗传影响。在第二项研究中，利手进行了评估，在一般人群样本的48 MZ和44 DZ双胞胎对，年龄在7至13岁，使用偏好清单和挂钩移动任务。一部分儿童还接受了一项测试，评估他们在越过中线时对手部偏好的持续性。后者是唯一与儿童语言状况相关的措施，语言障碍儿童的中线交叉较少。这似乎反映了神经发育的不成熟，而不是一个稳定的特征。为了调查利手的家族传递，父母和他们的双胞胎的库存数据被合并为两个样本。最简约的模型是只从文化传播的角度来解释亲子相似性的模型。总的来说，没有证据表明基因在确定稳定的个体差异中发挥作用。手部偏好。尽管惯用手和言语和语言困难之间存在联系，但这反映了神经运动成熟的延迟。
Data from two twin studies were used to address two related questions. First, is there any association between handedness and specific speech and language impairment (SSLI) in children? Second, is there genetic influence on individual differences in handedness and, if so, are the same genes implicated in the cause of SSLI? The first study used data from 58 MZ and 26 DZ pairs previously recruited for an investigation into the genetic origins of SSLI. All pairs contained at least one child with SSLI. Handedness was assessed using a preference inventory and a tapping task from which a laterality quotient (LQ) was derived. There were no handedness differences between these twins and 172 singleborn controls, and neither measure revealed any association between handedness and SSLI. The data were equally well-fitted by a CE model (no genetic influence) and an AE model (no effect of shared environment) for both hand preference and tapping LQ. Nonshared environment was the largest influence on handedness for both measures. Bivariate analysis indicated no overlapping genetic influences on SSLI and handedness. In the second study, handedness was assessed in a general population sample of 48 MZ and 44 DZ twin pairs, aged 7 to 13 years, using a preference inventory and a peg-moving task. A subset of children was also given a test that assessed persistence of hand preference when reaching across the midline. The latter was the only measure to relate to children's language status, with language-impaired children showing less midline crossing. This appears to reflect neurodevelopmental immaturity, rather than a stable trait. To investigate familial transmission of handedness, inventory data for parents and their twins were combined for both samples. The most parsimonious model was one that accounted for parent-child resemblance solely in terms of cultural transmission. Overall, there was no evidence that genes play a role in determining stable individual differences in. hand preference. Insofar as there are links between handedness and speech and language difficulties, these reflect delayed neuromotor maturation.