Ophiolites in earth history: introduction
Ophiolites in earth history: introduction
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DOI：
10.1144/gsl.sp.2003.218.01.01
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发表时间：
2003
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Y. Dilek;P. Robinson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Y. Dilek;P. Robinson
蛇绿岩记录了不同构造背景下从裂谷漂移到大陆边缘演化的吸积和碰撞阶段的构造和岩浆过程的重要证据。蛇绿岩及其伴生岩石单元的结构、岩石学和地球化学特征提供了有关地幔流场效应的基本信息，包括地柱活动、碰撞引起的近地温层挤压、俯冲-吸积旋回中岩浆作用和构造吸积作用导致的地壳增长、地壳和地幔储集层的结构和组成随时间的变化，以及全球地球化学循环和海水成分的演化。多年来蛇绿岩的研究在更好地理解大洋中脊和俯冲带过程、地幔动力学和非均质性、岩浆室过程、大洋岩石圈中的流体流动机制和流体-岩石相互作用、深部生物圈的演化、板块构造和羽流构造在前寒武纪和显生界地壳演化中的作用，以及增生和碰撞山带的大陆生长机制等方面发挥了重要作用。国际蛇绿岩界通过对蛇绿岩和现代洋壳的多学科调查和对比研究，利用先进的仪器和计算设备，在过去的10年里收集了世界各地蛇绿岩的大量新数据和新的合成。这本书的目的是通过案例研究介绍关于蛇绿岩科学不同方面的最新数据、观察和想法，并记录与地球历史上不同构造背景下的洋壳演化有关的火成岩、变质作用、构造、沉积和/或生物过程的模式和性质。它包括6个部分，32篇论文，内容涉及地球历史上蛇绿岩成因、地幔热柱事件和造山作用；阿尔卑斯-喜马拉雅造山系统中的特提斯蛇绿岩；蛇绿岩成因中的岩浆、变质和构造作用；洋壳的热液和生物成因蚀变；蛇绿岩侵位机制；蛇绿岩的区域产状及其地球动力学意义。
Ophiolites record significant evidence for tectonic and magmatic processes from rift-drift through accrefionary and collisional stages of continental margin evolution in various tectonic settings. Structural, petrological and geochemical features of ophiolites and associated rock units provide essential information on mantle flow field effects, including plume activities, collision-induced aesthenospheric extrusion, crustal growth via magmatism and tectonic accretion in subductionaccretion cycles, changes in the structure and composition of the crust and mantle reservoirs through time, and evolution of global geochemical cycles and seawater compositions. Ophiolite studies over the years have played a major role in better understanding of mid-ocean ridge and subduction zone processes, mantle dynanlics and heterogeneity, magma chamber processes, fluid flow mechanisms and fluid-rock interactions in oceanic lithosphere, the evolution of deep biosphere, the role of plate tectonics and plume tectonics in crustal evolution during the Precambrian and the Phanerozoic, and mechanisms of continental growth in accretionary and coltisional mountain belts. Through multi-disciplinary investigations and comparative studies of ophiolites and modern oceanic crust and using advanced instrumentation and computational facilities, the international ophiolite community has gathered a wealth of new data and syntheses from ophiolites around the world during the last 10 years. The purpose of this book is to present the most recent data, observations and ideas on different aspects of 'ophiolite science' through case studies and to document the mode and nature of igneous, metamorphic, tectonic, sedimentological and/or biological processes associated with the evolution of oceanic crust in different tectonic settings in Earth's history. It comprises 32 papers collected in six sections on temporal relations anaongst ophiolite genesis, mantle plume events and orogeny in Earth history; Tethyan ophiolites in the AlpineHimalayan orogenic system; magmatic, metamorphic and tectonic processes in ophiolite genesis; hydrothermal and biogenic alteration of oceanic crust; mechanisms of ophiolite emplacement; and regional occurrences of ophiolites and their geodynamic implications.