Principles of organelle spatial organization and interactions.
Principles of organelle spatial organization and interactions.
复制标题
细胞器空间组织和相互作用的原理。
DOI：
10.1091/mbc.e20-01-0007
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发表时间：
2020-03-15
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Carvalho P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Klemm RW;Carvalho P
细胞器分隔生化反应，并允许控制真核细胞内的分子分布。维持细胞器的身份和细胞器间的通信需要复杂的机械。最新的进展，在该领域讨论了在“细胞器的空间组织和相互作用的原则”的最小对称。来自CIMR（剑桥，英国）的Jonathe Nixon-Abell使用超快单分子活细胞成像讨论了内质网（ER）中膜蛋白的动力学。专注于蛋白质VAP，他表明，致病突变样本更大的ER区域扰乱ER-线粒体接触位点的形成。虽然功能意义尚不清楚，但限制性定位似乎是ER膜蛋白的一般特征，特别是当它们参与细胞器间接触时。来自Lippincott-Schwartz实验室的Ya-Cheng Liao表明膜联蛋白A11（ANXA 11）有助于无膜RNA颗粒和溶酶体之间的接触（Liao et al.，2019年）。她指出，在轴突中，RNA颗粒沿着沿着微管与溶酶体一起运输，这一过程需要ANXA 11。导致肌萎缩侧索硬化症的ANXA 11突变破坏了与溶酶体的相互作用，并使RNA颗粒固定不动。未来的工作将解决哪些特定的细胞功能受到RNA颗粒运输缺陷的干扰。来自普林斯顿大学的Martin Jonikas提出了蛋白核的蛋白质组学和显微镜分析，蛋白核是莱茵衣藻叶绿体中的一种无膜细胞器（Mackinder et al.，2017年）。蛋白核基质和周围淀粉片
Organelles compartmentalize biochemical reactions and allow controlled distribution of molecules within eukaryotic cells. Maintaining organelle identity and interorganelle communication requires sophisticated machinery. Newest advances in the field were discussed in the Minisymposium on the “Principles of Organelle Spatial Organization and Interactions.” Jonathon Nixon-Abell from CIMR (Cambridge, UK) discussed the dynamics of membrane proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) using ultrafast single molecule live-cell imaging. Focused on the protein VAP, he showed that disease-causing mutations sample larger ER regions perturbing the formation of ER–mitochondria contact sites. Although the functional significance is not yet clear, restricted localization appears to be a general feature of ER membrane proteins, especially when they engage in interorganelle contact.Ya-Cheng Liao from the Lippincott-Schwartz lab showed that Annexin A11 (ANXA11) contributes to contacts between membrane-less RNA granules and lysosomes (Liao et al., 2019). She showed that in axons RNA granules traffic with lysosomes along microtubules, a process that requires ANXA11. Mutations in ANXA11 that cause amyotrophic lateral sclerosis disrupted the interaction with lysosomes and rendered RNA granules immobile. Future work will address which particular cellular functions are perturbed by the defect in RNA granule trafficking. Martin Jonikas from Princeton University presented proteomic and microscopic analysis of the pyrenoid, a membrane-less organelle in chloroplasts of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (Mackinder et al., 2017). The pyrenoid matrix and peripheral starch sheets