Diverse subtypes and developmental origins of trophoblast giant cells in the mouse placenta
Diverse subtypes and developmental origins of trophoblast giant cells in the mouse placenta
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ydbio.2007.01.009
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发表时间：
2007-04-15
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Cross, James C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Simmons, David G.;Fortier, Amanda L.;Cross, James C.
滋养层巨细胞（TGC）是啮齿动物滋养层细胞谱系中形成的第一个终末分化亚型。除了介导着床外，它们还是胎盘的主要内分泌细胞，产生多种激素，调节母体内分泌和免疫系统，并促进母体血液流向着床部位。 TGC 通常被认为是同质群体，通过其编码胎盘催乳素 I 或增殖蛋白的基因的表达来鉴定。在本研究中，我们根据形态和分子标准鉴定了许多 TGC 亚型，并证明了以前未被充分认识的 TGC 多样性。除了围绕着床部位并与母体蜕膜形成界面的 TGC 之外，我们还证明了至少三种其他独特的 TGC 亚型：螺旋动脉相关 TGC、母体血管相关 TGC 和胎盘迷路层窦状空间内的 TGC。所有四种 TGC 亚型都可以根据四个基因的表达模式进行鉴定：Pl1、Pl2、Plf（由催乳素/催乳素样蛋白/胎盘催乳素基因座的基因编码）和 Ctsq（来自胎盘特异性组织蛋白酶基因座）。这些亚型中的每一种都是在分化的滋养层干细胞培养物中检测到的，并且可以进行差异化调节；视黄酸处理优先诱导 Pl1/Plf(+) TGC。此外，细胞谱系追踪研究表明不同 TGC 亚型具有独特的起源，这与之前认为次生 TGC 均源自 Tpbpa(+) 外胎盘锥前体的建议形成鲜明对比。 (c) 2007 Elsevier Inc. 保留所有权利。
Trophoblast giant cells (TGCs) are the first terminally differentiated subtype to form in the trophoblast cell lineage in rodents. In addition to mediating implantation, they are the main endocrine cells of the placenta, producing several hormones which regulate the maternal endocrine and immune systems and promote maternal blood flow to the implantation site. Generally considered a homogeneous population, TGCs have been identified by their expression of genes encoding placental lactogen I or proliferin. In the present study, we have identified a number of TGC subtypes, based on morphology and molecular criteria and demonstrated a previously underappreciated diversity of TGCs. In addition to TGCs that surround the implantation site and form the interface with the maternal deciduas, we demonstrate at least three other unique TGC subtypes: spiral artery-associated TGCs, maternal blood canal-associated TGCs and a TGC within the sinusoidal spaces of the labyrinth layer of the placenta. All four TGC subtypes could be identified based on the expression patterns of four genes: Pl1, Pl2, Plf (encoded by genes of the prolactin/prolactin-like protein/placental lactogen gene locus), and Ctsq (from a placental-specific cathepsin gene locus). Each of these subtypes was detected in differentiated trophoblast stem cell cultures and can be differentially regulated; treatment with retinoic acid induces Pl1/Plf(+) TGCs preferentially. Furthermore, cell lineage tracing studies indicated unique origins for different TGC subtypes, in contrast with previous suggestions that secondary TGCs all arise from Tpbpa(+) ectoplacental cone precursors. (c) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.