Can Humans and Elephants Coexist? A Review of the Conflict on Sumatra Island, Indonesia
Can Humans and Elephants Coexist? A Review of the Conflict on Sumatra Island, Indonesia
复制标题
人类和大象可以共存吗？
DOI：
10.3390/d14060420
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Donny Gunaryadi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Wanda Kuswanda;R. Garsetiasih;H. Gunawan;R. Situmorang;F. J. Hutapea;R. T. Kwatrina;E. Karlina;T. Atmoko;M. Zahrah;M. Takandjandji;Donny Gunaryadi
苏门答腊岛森林砍伐率高，大象栖息地破碎化，引发了印度尼西亚苏门答腊岛的人象冲突（HEC）。这场冲突给人类和大象带来了负面影响。尽管为解决这一问题做出了许多努力，但每年剩余的大象飞地仍然会发生 HEC。通过 HEC 缓解计划可以改善人类与大象之间的和谐共处。本文的目的是回顾苏门答腊岛 HEC 的信息，调查 HEC 的原因和影响，回顾现有的 HEC 缓解方法，并制定改善人类与大象之间和谐共处的策略。创造人类和大象成功共存的最佳策略是加强机构和政策、恢复栖息地、发展野生动物走廊、建立基本生态系统区（EEA）、通过生态旅游赋予社区权力、通过社会林业（SF）提供合法进入森林的机会，以及为冲突受害者提供补偿计划。
The high rate of deforestation and fragmentation of elephant habitat on Sumatra Island has triggered human-elephant conflict (HEC) in Sumatra Island, Indonesia. This conflict brings negative impacts on humans and elephants. Despite numerous efforts having been made to solve this problem, the HEC continues to occur in the remaining elephant enclave every year. The harmonious coexistence between humans and elephants could be improved through HEC mitigation programs. The aim of this paper was to review information on HEC in Sumatra Island, investigate the causes and implications of HEC, review existing HEC mitigation methods, and formulate strategies to improve the harmonious coexistence between humans and elephants. The best strategies to create successful human and elephant coexistence are strengthening the institutions and policies, restoring the habitat, developing wildlife corridors, establishing Essential Ecosystem Areas (EEA), community empowerment through ecotourism, providing legal access to forests through Social Forestry (SF), and providing compensation schemes for conflict victims.