Personality and Personality Disorders in Urban and Rural Africa: Results from a Field Trial in Burkina Faso
Personality and Personality Disorders in Urban and Rural Africa: Results from a Field Trial in Burkina Faso
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非洲城市和农村的人格和人格障碍：布基纳法索实地试验的结果
DOI：
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Franz Meyer de Stadelhofen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Rossier;A. Ouedraogo;Donatien Dahourou;Sabrina Verardi;Franz Meyer de Stadelhofen
当在不同的文化背景下进行研究时，评估测量等效性对于确定结构和分数是否可以跨组进行比较至关重要。结构等效意味着各组之间的结构具有相同的含义，度量等效意味着各组之间的量表度量保持稳定，全量表或标量等效意味着各组之间的量表来源相同。一些研究已经观察到，正常人格和人格障碍（PD）的基础结构在不同文化中是稳定的。大多数跨文化研究是在西方和亚洲文化中进行的。在非洲，为数不多的研究是由受过良好教育的参与者使用法语或英语乐器进行的。没有在非洲进行过特权较少或无文字的样本的研究。这项研究的目的是研究布基纳法索城市和农村样本中正常和异常人格的结构和表达。样本包括1 750名参与者，其中一个次级样本来自瓦加杜古城市地区（n = 1 249），另一个次级样本来自农村村庄Soumiaga（n = 501）。大多数参与者回答了由修订的NEO人格量表和国际人格障碍检查的Mooré语言改编的采访。莫雷语是莫西族的语言，也是布基纳法索最常用的地方语言。一个次级样本用法语完成了同样的自我报告工具。人口统计学变量对正常和异常人格特质的平均水平只有很小的影响。正常人格的基础结构在不同地区和不同语言之间是不稳定的，这说明将复杂的心理清单翻译成非洲本土语言是一项非常困难的任务。异常人格的结构和PD量表的指标在各地区都是稳定的。由于未达到标量等效性，因此无法解释平均差异。然而，这些差异可能是由于夸大了表达的异常性状在两种文化背景下的价值。我们的研究结果表明，使用不同的方法的研究应该进行，以了解什么是考虑，在不同的文化，偏离个人的文化的期望，并作为一个显着的自我和人际功能障碍，定义的DSM-5。
When conducting research in different cultural settings, assessing measurement equivalence is of prime importance to determine if constructs and scores can be compared across groups. Structural equivalence implies that constructs have the same meaning across groups, metric equivalence implies that the metric of the scales remains stable across groups, and full scale or scalar equivalence implies that the origin of the scales is the same across groups. Several studies have observed that the structure underlying both normal personality and personality disorders (PDs) is stable across cultures. Most of this cross-cultural research was conducted in Western and Asian cultures. In Africa, the few studies were conducted with well-educated participants using French or English instruments. No research was conducted in Africa with less privileged or preliterate samples. The aim of this research was to study the structure and expression of normal and abnormal personality in an urban and a rural sample in Burkina Faso. The sample included 1,750 participants, with a sub-sample from the urban area of Ouagadougou (n = 1,249) and another sub-sample from a rural village, Soumiaga (n = 501). Most participants answered an interview consisting of a Mooré language adaptation of the Revised NEO Personality Inventory and of the International Personality Disorders Examination. Mooré is the language of the Mossi ethnic group, and the most frequently spoken local language in Burkina Faso. A sub-sample completed the same self-report instruments in French. Demographic variables only had a small impact on normal and abnormal personality traits mean levels. The structure underlying normal personality was unstable across regions and languages, illustrating that translating a complex psychological inventory into a native African language is a very difficult task. The structure underlying abnormal personality and the metric of PDs scales were stable across regions. As scalar equivalence was not reached, mean differences cannot be interpreted. Nevertheless, these differences could be due to an exaggerated expression of abnormal traits valued in the two cultural settings. Our results suggest that studies using a different methodology should be conducted to understand what is considered, in different cultures, as deviating from the expectations of the individual’s culture, and as a significant impairment in self and interpersonal functioning, as defined by the DSM-5.