Strong relationship between oral dose and tenofovir hair levels in a randomized trial: hair as a potential adherence measure for pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP).
Strong relationship between oral dose and tenofovir hair levels in a randomized trial: hair as a potential adherence measure for pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP).
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0083736
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Gandhi M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liu AY;Yang Q;Huang Y;Bacchetti P;Anderson PL;Jin C;Goggin K;Stojanovski K;Grant R;Buchbinder SP;Greenblatt RM;Gandhi M
Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) trials using tenofovir-based regimens have demonstrated that high levels of adherence are required to evaluate efficacy; the incorporation of objective biomarkers of adherence in trial design has been essential to interpretation, given the inaccuracy of self-report. Antiretroviral measurements in scalp hair have been useful as a marker of long-term exposure in the HIV treatment setting, and hair samples are relatively easy and inexpensive to collect, transport, and store for analysis. To evaluate the relationship between dose and tenofovir concentrations in hair, we examined the dose proportionality of tenofovir in hair in healthy, HIV-uninfected adults. A phase I, crossover pharmacokinetic study was performed in 24 HIV-negative adults receiving directly-observed oral tenofovir tablets administered 2, 4, and 7 doses/week for 6 weeks, with a ≥3-week break between periods. Small samples of hair were collected after each six-week period and analyzed for tenofovir concentrations. Geometric-mean-ratios compared levels between each pair of dosing conditions. Intensive plasma pharmacokinetic studies were performed during the daily-dosing period to calculate areas-under-the-time-concentration curves (AUCs). Over 90% of doses were observed per protocol. Median tenofovir concentrations in hair increased monotonically with dose. A log-linear relationship was seen between dose and hair levels, with an estimated 76% (95% CI 60–93%) increase in hair level per 2-fold dose increase. Tenofovir plasma AUCs modestly predicted drug concentrations in hair. This study found a strong linear relationship between frequency of dosing and tenofovir levels in scalp hair. The analysis of quantitative drug levels in hair has the potential to improve adherence measurement in the PrEP field and may be helpful in determining exposure thresholds for protection and explaining failures in PrEP trials. Hair measures for adherence monitoring may also facilitate adherence measurement in real-world settings and merit further investigation in upcoming PrEP implementation studies and programs. ClinicalTrials.gov +NCT00903084.
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影响因子：
11.8
作者：
Gandhi, Monica;Ameli, Niloufar;Greenblatt, Ruth M.
通讯作者：
Greenblatt, Ruth M.
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Blum, M. Robert;Chittick, Gregory E.;Zong, Jian
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Zong, Jian
DOI：
10.1097/qai.0b013e31829c48ad
发表时间：
2013-08-15
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Gandhi, Monica;Mwesigwa, Julia;Cohan, Deborah
通讯作者：
Cohan, Deborah
影响因子：
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作者：
Chi, Benjamin H.;Lee, Alison;Stringer, Jeffrey S. A.
通讯作者：
Stringer, Jeffrey S. A.
DOI：
10.1097/00126334-200402010-00009
发表时间：
2004-02-01
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Dubuisson, JG;King, JR;Acosta, EP
通讯作者：
Acosta, EP