Evolving Urban Culture in Transforming Cities The role of the configuration of the network of public spaces in urban life
Evolving Urban Culture in Transforming Cities The role of the configuration of the network of public spaces in urban life
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城市转型中不断发展的城市文化公共空间网络配置在城市生活中的作用
DOI：
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发表时间：
2004
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Azimzadeh
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hans Bjur;M. Azimzadeh
住宅小区和街道系统的概念是上个世纪城市形成和改造过程中的两种规划策略的特征。本文提出了一个比较研究，旨在探讨通过在规划中采用这些概念，在城市中产生的空间配置的功能，社会和文化的内容。瑞典城市哥德堡被比作伊朗的亚兹德和阿巴丹。运用空间系统分析方法，对研究城市的空间系统进行了分析。哥德堡和亚兹德城市历史核心区的功能和结构位置反映了这些城市的原始特征及其不同的转型历程。哥德堡老城的城市结构是建立在一个完整的街道网络的基础上的。相反，传统的亚兹德市有着严重的隔离空间结构。在哥德堡，与亚兹德市形成对比的是，历史核心现在是一个运转良好的城市中心，一个真实的公共空间。然而，在长期的城市发展过程中，采用了两种不同的规划模式，哥德堡获得了伊朗传统城市的许多全球结构属性，亚兹德也变得更接近于传统城市哥德堡。在阿巴丹，隔离的独立住宅区决定了城市的原始结构。阿巴丹是伊朗近世纪前建造的第一个公司城镇。它是当时先进工业资本主义在社会工程方面最新实验的产物。尽管如此，阿巴丹还是成为从僵化的现代家长式城市主义中解放出来的一个突出例子。阿巴丹城市发展的后期进程由两个平行组织管理，即公司和市政府。然而，结果不是一个平行的城市，而是一个融合的城市。对公共空间的控制受到了强烈的质疑，导致了一种新的人性和民主的城市文化的出现，一种以街道为基础的空间组织的繁荣的城市生活。对阿巴丹和哥德堡城市结构的分析显示出有趣的相似之处，尽管这两个城市的发展过程一直是彼此相反的。
The concepts of housing estate and street system characterize two planning strategies involved in the formation and transformation of cities during the last century. This paper presents a comparative study which aims to explore the functional, social and cultural contents of the spatial configurations generated in cities through adoption of these concepts in planning. The Swedish city of Gothenburg is compared to the cities of Yazd and Abadan in Iran. The method of Space Syntax is applied in the analysis of the spatial systems of the studied cities. The functional and structural position of the historic core in the cities of Gothenburg and Yazd reflects the original characteristics of these cities and their different courses of transformation. The urban structure in the old city of Gothenburg was based on a well integrated street network. The traditional city of Yazd, on the contrary, had a deep segregated spatial structure. In Gothenburg, in contrast to the city of Yazd, the historic core is now a well functioning city centre, a real public space. However, adopting two different planning models in the long course of urban development, Gothenburg has gained many of the global structural properties of Iranian traditional cities and Yazd has become more akin to the traditional city of Gothenburg. In Abadan segregated self-contained housing estates determined the original structure of the city. Abadan is the first company town in Iran built almost a century ago. It was a product of the latest experimentation of advanced industrial capitalism of the day in social engineering. Nevertheless Abadan became a prominent example of emancipation from rigid modern paternalist urbanism. The later process of urban development in Abadan was managed by two parallel organizations, the Company and the Municipality. The result, however, was not a parallel but an integrating city. The control over the public space was strongly contested, leading to the appearance of a new human and democratic urban culture, a flourishing urban life with its street based spatial organisation. The analysis of urban structure in Abadan and Gothenburg displays interesting similarities though the processes of development of the two cities have been the reverse of each other.