An Examination of Mindfulness-Based Programs in US Medical Schools
An Examination of Mindfulness-Based Programs in US Medical Schools
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DOI：
10.1007/s12671-016-0623-8
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发表时间：
2017-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Schuman-Olivier, Zev
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Barnes, Nicholas;Hattan, Patrick;Schuman-Olivier, Zev
一些医学院已经开始向学生介绍正念概念，与医学院相关的学术正念中心（AMCAMS）也开始出现。然而，在学术医疗机构内，关于正念干预的扩展的知识主要是轶事。该研究的目的是评估美国医学院的正念相关活动的范围，并确定AMCAMS及其项目特征。首先，我们进行了系统的网站内容搜索，以评估与健康，研究，临床使用和教育相关的正念活动，其中140所经认证的美国医学院。其次，我们调查了AMCAMS董事询问所提供的课程类型，参与AMCAMS的专业人员类型以及财务可持续性的方法。网站内容分析显示，2014年，79%的美国医学院都开展了与正念相关的活动。健康活动（87/140; 62%）和研究活动（69/140; 49%）最常见。27%（38/140）的医学院确定了潜在的AMCAMS，这些中心的38名主任中有33名完成了我们的调查（87%的应答率）。AMCAMS主任报告说，最常见的项目是基于正念的减压（MBSR），其次是正念运动和基于正念的认知疗法（MBCT）。私人支付MBI团体（21/33; 64%），私人捐款（17/33; 52%）和收费服务计费（16/33; 48%）是财务可持续性的最常见贡献者。这是第一次收集美国医学院内所有基于正念的课程数据，也是第一次描述和识别AMCAMS特征的研究。我们讨论了AMCAMS研究的下一步以及正念在医学中的传播。
Some medical schools have begun introducing mindfulness concepts to their students, and academic mindfulness centers associated with medical schools (AMCAMS) have started to emerge. However, knowledge of the expansion of mindfulness-based interventions within academic medical institutions is primarily anecdotal. The study objective was to evaluate the scope of mindfulness-related activities across medical schools in the USA and to identify AMCAMS and their programmatic characteristics. First, we conducted a systematic website content search to evaluate mindfulness activities related to wellness, research, clinical use, and education among the 140 accredited US medical schools. Second, we surveyed AMCAMS directors to query the type of programs offered, the type of professionals participating at AMCAMS, and approaches for financial sustainability. Website content analysis showed that mindfulness-related activity was present at 79 % of US medical schools in 2014. Activities for wellness (87/140; 62 %) and research (69/140; 49 %) were most common. A potential AMCAMS was identified at 27 % (38/140) of medical schools, and 33 of 38 directors at those centers completed our survey (87 % response rate). AMCAMS directors reported that the most commonly offered program was Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) followed by Mindful Movement and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT). Private-pay MBI groups (21/33; 64 %), private donations (17/33; 52 %), and fee-for-service billing (16/33; 48 %) were the most common contributors to financial sustainability. This is the first effort to collect data on all mindfulness-based programming within US medical schools and the first study to describe and identify AMCAMS characteristics. We discuss next steps for research on AMCAMS and dissemination of mindfulness in medicine.