Emotional and Practical Considerations Towards the Adoption and Abandonment of VPNs as a Privacy-Enhancing Technology
Emotional and Practical Considerations Towards the Adoption and Abandonment of VPNs as a Privacy-Enhancing Technology
复制标题
采用和放弃 VPN 作为隐私增强技术的情感和实际考虑
DOI：
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Bart P. Knijnenburg
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Namara;Daricia Wilkinson;Kelly E. Caine;Bart P. Knijnenburg
虚拟专用网络（VPN）可以帮助人们保护自己的隐私。尽管如此，VPN并没有在公众中广泛使用。在这项关于采用和使用VPN的调查研究中，我们调查了人们使用VPN的动机以及他们在采用VPN时遇到的障碍。使用来自90名精通技术的参与者的数据，我们发现，虽然几乎所有（98%; 88）的参与者都知道VPN是什么，但只有不到一半（42%; 37）的参与者曾经将VPN主要用作隐私增强技术。其中，18%（7人）放弃使用VPN，而81%（30人）继续使用VPN来保护他们的在线隐私。在对调查回复的定性分析中，我们发现，出于隐私目的采用并继续使用VPN的人主要是出于情感考虑，包括强烈希望保护其在线隐私，广泛担心不仅来自互联网服务提供商（ISP），而且来自政府和互联网公司（如Facebook和Google）的监视和数据跟踪。相比之下，主要出于实际考虑的人更有可能放弃VPN，特别是当他们的实际需求不再存在时。这些人引用他们对替代技术的访问以及使用VPN所需的努力作为放弃的原因。我们讨论了这些研究结果的影响，并就如何最大限度地采用VPN等隐私增强技术提供了建议，重点是如何使它们与人们的利益和隐私风险评估保持一致。
Abstract Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) can help people protect their privacy. Despite this, VPNs are not widely used among the public. In this survey study about the adoption and usage of VPNs, we investigate people’s motivation to use VPNs and the barriers they encounter in adopting them. Using data from 90 technologically savvy participants, we find that while nearly all (98%; 88) of the participants have knowledge about what VPNs are, less than half (42%; 37) have ever used VPNs primarily as a privacy-enhancing technology. Of these, 18% (7) abandoned using VPNs while 81% (30) continue to use them to protect their privacy online. In a qualitative analysis of survey responses, we find that people who adopt and continue to use VPNs for privacy purposes are primarily motivated by emotional considerations, including the strong desire to protect their privacy online, wide fear of surveillance and data tracking not only from Internet service providers (ISPs) but also governments and Internet corporations such as Facebook and Google. In contrast, people who are mainly motivated by practical considerations are more likely to abandon VPNs, especially once their practical need no longer exists. These people cite their access to alternative technologies and the effort required to use a VPN as reasons for abandonment. We discuss implications of these findings and provide suggestions on how to maximize adoption of privacy-enhancing technologies such as VPNs, focusing on how to align them with people’s interests and privacy risk evaluation.
DOI：
10.1109/sp.2017.65
发表时间：
2017-05
期刊：
2017 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (SP)
影响因子：
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作者：
Ruba Abu-Salma;M. Sasse;Joseph Bonneau;A. Danilova;Alena Naiakshina;Matthew Smith
通讯作者：
Ruba Abu-Salma;M. Sasse;Joseph Bonneau;A. Danilova;Alena Naiakshina;Matthew Smith