Switching in the Cocktail Party: Exploring Intentional Control of Auditory Selective Attention
Switching in the Cocktail Party: Exploring Intentional Control of Auditory Selective Attention
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DOI：
10.1037/a0022189
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发表时间：
2011-08-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Vorlaender, Michael
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Koch, Iring;Lawo, Vera;Vorlaender, Michael
使用一种新的变体的双耳分听选择性听，我们研究了听觉选择性注意的控制。在我们的任务中，受试者必须选择性地对两个同时呈现的听觉刺激（数字词）之一做出反应，这些刺激总是由一名女性和一名男性扬声器说出，通过执行数字大小分类。任务相关的扬声器的性别可以改变，如听觉刺激发作之前的视觉线索所示。三个实验表明，明确的性能成本与指示注意开关。实验2改变提示间隔以检查注意力转换的提前准备。实验3另外隔离听觉开关成本从视觉线索启动使用两个线索，每个性别，使性别重复可以表示由一个改变的线索。实验2表明，转换成本随提示间隔的延长而降低，但实验3表明，准备并不影响听觉转换成本，而只影响视觉提示启动。此外，在竞争的听觉刺激不一致的数字类别产生干扰和大幅增加的错误率，这表明继续处理任务相关的信息，往往导致响应不正确的听觉源。总之，这些数据显示出明显的局限性，提前准备的听觉注意开关，并提出了相当程度的惯性有意控制的听觉选择标准。
Using a novel variant of dichotic selective listening, we examined the control of auditory selective attention. In our task, subjects had to respond selectively to one of two simultaneously presented auditory stimuli (number words), always spoken by a female and a male speaker, by performing a numerical size categorization. The gender of the task-relevant speaker could change, as indicated by a visual cue prior to auditory stimulus onset. Three experiments show clear performance costs with instructed attention switches. Experiment 2 varied the cuing interval to examine advance preparation for an attention switch. Experiment 3 additionally isolated auditory switch costs from visual cue priming by using two cues for each gender, so that gender repetition could be indicated by a changed cue. Experiment 2 showed that switch costs decreased with prolonged cuing intervals, but Experiment 3 revealed that preparation did not affect auditory switch costs but only visual cue priming. Moreover, incongruent numerical categories in competing auditory stimuli produced interference and substantially increased error rates, suggesting continued processing of task-relevant information that often leads to responding to the incorrect auditory source. Together, the data show clear limitations in advance preparation of auditory attention switches and suggest a considerable degree of inertia in intentional control of auditory selection criteria.