Sex and parental status impacts human-to-pet attachment and caregiving attitudes and behaviors in a Japanese sample
Sex and parental status impacts human-to-pet attachment and caregiving attitudes and behaviors in a Japanese sample
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在日本样本中，性别和父母身份影响人与宠物的依恋以及照顾态度和行为
DOI：
10.1080/08927936.2022.2149926
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Volsche;S.;Frailey;F.;Ihara;N.;& Nittono;H.
日本目前显示出第二次人口转型的许多迹象，其标志是低更替生育率，注重自我实现，以及家庭，居住和婚姻模式的变化。与此同时，养宠物和相关支出也有所增加。本研究的目的是确定宠物养育的出现是否可以在日本记录在案。以前在美国和印度的文献中，宠物养育被定义为人类对伴侣动物的金钱，情感和时间的投资，就像父母对孩子的投资一样。我们收集了615名宠物主人的在线调查回复（女性= 48.1%，男性= 51.9%;父母= 39.0%，非父母= 35.8%，未来父母= 25.2%）。除了关于受访者及其伴侣动物的人口统计学问题外，每个人都完成了列克星敦宠物依恋量表（LAPS）和一系列问题，包括情感反应、训练和游戏以及一般护理（统称为CARES）。我们的研究结果发现，在所有量表上，包括LAPS总分，都存在明显的显著性别差异，女性在态度或行为频率上更一致。非父母和未来的父母报告显着更高的总LAPS分数，与父母相比，最大的差异在人的替代规模。非父母也被发现在CARES量表上报告更频繁的一般护理和情感反应。我们的结论是，人类对宠物的依恋和养育行为的直观但新颖的差异表明，养宠物的做法可以遵循父母的性别角色。此外，非父母更有可能投资于直接照顾伴侣动物的方式，反映在成人对儿童的养育实践。
Japan currently displays many signs of a second demographic transition, which is marked by subreplacement fertility, a focus on self-fulfillment, and changes in family, residence, and marriage patterns. Concurrently, increased pet-keeping and related spending have occurred. The purpose of the current study was to determine whether the emergence of pet parenting can be documented in Japan. Previously documented in the United States and India, pet parenting is defined as the human investment of money, emotion, and time in companion animals that is like parental investment in children. We collected 615 online survey responses from pet owners (female = 48.1%, male = 51.9%; parents = 39.0%, nonparents = 35.8%, future parents = 25.2%). In addition to demographic questions about respondents and their companion animal, each completed the Lexington Attachment to Pets Scale (LAPS) and a series of questions regardingAffective Responsiveness,Training and Play, andGeneral Care(collectively, CARES). Our results found clear, significant sex differences on all scales, including the total LAPS score, with women reporting more agreement on the attitudes or frequency of behaviors throughout. Nonparents and future parents reported significantly higher total LAPS scores, with the biggest difference compared with parents on thePeople Substitutingscale. Nonparents were also found to report more frequentGeneral CareandAffective Responsivenesson the CARES scales. We conclude that intuitive but novel differences in human-to-pet attachment and caregiving behavior demonstrate that pet-keeping practices can follow sex roles seen in parenting. Additionally, nonparents are more likely to invest in the direct care of companion animals in ways that mirror in adult-to-child parenting practices.