Comparisons of Foreign Multinationals and Local Firms in Asian Manufacturing over Time
Comparisons of Foreign Multinationals and Local Firms in Asian Manufacturing over Time
复制标题
不同时期亚洲制造业中外国跨国公司和本土企业的比较
DOI：
10.1111/1467-8381.00080
复制
发表时间：
1999
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
Eric D. Ramstetter
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eric D. Ramstetter
本文首先表明，外国跨国公司（MNC）在亚洲五个东道经济体（香港、印度尼西亚、马来西亚、新加坡和台湾）制造业中所占的份额总体上在出口方面较大，在就业方面较小，在生产方面中等。相应地，外国跨国公司的平均劳动力产出和出口倾向往往显着高于本土企业。此外，外国跨国公司往往规模较大，平均资本生产率、资本密集度、熟练劳动力密集度、研发强度、利润率和进口倾向较高，但劳动报酬占增加值的比重较低，这些差异在很多情况下也具有统计显着性。在许多情况下，全外资或外资控股工厂与外资持股比例较低的外国工厂之间的差异也很显着，并且通常与上述跨国公司和本土工厂之间的差异方向相同。在香港，跨国公司之间的外国来源差异一般较小且不显着。在新加坡，欧洲和美国企业往往规模较大，平均劳动生产率、资本密集度、盈利能力和出口倾向相对较高，但与日本和其他亚洲企业相比，劳动报酬在增加值中所占的比例相对较低。
This paper first shows that shares of foreign multinational corporations (MNCs) in the manufacturing sectors of five Asian host economies (Hong Kong, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore and Taiwan) were generally large in terms of exports, small in terms of employment and moderate in terms of production. Correspondingly, the average product of labour and export propensities were often significantly higher in foreign MNCs than in local firms. In addition, foreign MNCs tended to be relatively large and to have relatively high average capital productivity, capital intensity, skilled-labour intensity, R&D intensity, profit rates and import propensities, but relatively low shares of labour compensation in value added, and these differences were also statistically significant in many cases. Differences between wholly- or heavily-foreign plants and foreign plants with lower foreign ownership shares were also significant in many cases and generally in the same direction as the differences between MNCs and local plants noted above. Differences among MNCs by foreign source were generally small and insignificant in Hong Kong. In Singapore, European and US firms tended to be larger and characterized by relatively high average labour productivity, capital intensity, profitability and export propensities, but relatively low shares of labour compensation in value added compared to Japanese and other Asian firms.