HIV testing attitudes, AIDS stigma, and voluntary HIV counselling and testing in a black township in Cape Town, South Africa
HIV testing attitudes, AIDS stigma, and voluntary HIV counselling and testing in a black township in Cape Town, South Africa
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DOI：
10.1136/sti.79.6.442
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发表时间：
2003-12-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Simbayi, LC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kalichman, SC;Simbayi, LC
目的：南非艾滋病毒预防的基石是自愿艾滋病毒抗体咨询和检测，但只有五分之一的南非人知道VCT已经测试。本研究探讨了艾滋病毒检测的历史，对测试的态度，艾滋病stigma.Methods之间的关系：男性（n = 224）和女性（n = 276）生活在一个黑色的乡镇在开普敦完成场地拦截survey; 98%是黑人，74%的年龄35岁或younger.Results：47%的参与者进行了艾滋病毒检测。受艾滋病毒感染的风险很高，在接受检测和未接受检测的人群中具有可比性。对VCT的态度，控制人口统计和调查地点的比较表明，个人谁没有被测试的艾滋病毒和那些测试，但谁不知道他们的结果举行了显着更消极的测试态度比个人谁被测试，特别是人谁知道他们的测试结果。与接受过检测的人相比，没有接受过艾滋病毒检测的人表现出更大的艾滋病相关的耻辱感;将更多的羞耻感，内疚感和社会不赞成归咎于艾滋病毒感染者。知道测试结果之间的测试是不相关的污名化believs.Conclusions：努力促进在南非的VCT需要教育的好处，测试，也许更重要的是，减少对艾滋病患者的污名化态度。旨在减少艾滋病污名的结构性和社会营销干预可能会减少寻求VCT的阻力。
Objectives: A cornerstone of HIV prevention in South Africa is voluntary HIV antibody counselling and testing ( VCT), but only one in five South Africans aware of VCT have been tested. This study examined the relation between HIV testing history, attitudes towards testing, and AIDS stigmas.Methods: Men ( n = 224) and women ( n = 276) living in a black township in Cape Town completed venue intercept surveys; 98% were black, 74% age 35 or younger.Results: 47% of participants had been tested for HIV. Risks for exposure to HIV were high and comparable among people tested and not tested. Comparisons on attitudes toward VCT, controlling for demographics and survey venue, showed that individuals who had not been tested for HIV and those tested but who did not know their results held significantly more negative testing attitudes than individuals who were tested, particularly people who knew their test results. Compared to people who had been tested, individuals who were not tested for HIV demonstrated significantly greater AIDS related stigmas; ascribing greater shame, guilt, and social disapproval to people living with HIV. Knowing test results among those tested was not related to stigmatising beliefs.Conclusions: Efforts to promote VCT in South Africa require education about the benefits of testing and, perhaps more important, reductions in stigmatising attitudes towards people living with AIDS. Structural and social marketing interventions that aim to reduce AIDS stigmas will probably decrease resistance to seeking VCT.