Cholesterol enhances classical conditioning of the rabbit heart rate response.
Cholesterol enhances classical conditioning of the rabbit heart rate response.
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胆固醇增强兔子心率反应的经典调节。
DOI：
10.1016/j.bbr.2007.03.024
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发表时间：
2007
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Sparks,DLarry
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Schreurs,BernardG;Smith-Bell,CarrieA;Darwish,DeyaS;Wang,Desheng;Burhans,LaurenB;Gonzales-Joekes,Jimena;Deci,Stephen;Stankovic,Goran;Sparks,DLarry
胆固醇喂养的兔子是动脉粥样硬化的模型，也被认为是阿尔茨海默病的动物模型。研究表明，喂饲兔胆固醇可以增加大脑皮层中β淀粉样蛋白免疫反应神经元的数量。在喂饲胆固醇的兔子的饮用水中添加铜可以进一步增加这一数字，并可能导致斑块状结构。在胆固醇喂养的兔中，经典的瞬膜反应在这些斑块样结构的存在时是迟缓的，但在它们不存在的情况下可能会被促进。在析因设计中，喂饲2%胆固醇或正常饮食(0%胆固醇)8周的兔子，在饮用水中添加或不添加铜，给予微量经典条件反射，使用音调和眼眶周围电刺激，研究胆固醇和铜对经典心率条件反射和瞬膜反应的影响。与正常饮食对照组相比，胆固醇喂养的兔子表现出显著的心率调节和调节特异性心率调节。与以前的研究一致，当眼眶周围电刺激作为非条件性刺激时，胆固醇对经典的瞬膜反应的影响很小。免疫组织化学分析显示，喂饲胆固醇的兔大脑皮质、海马区和杏仁核中的β淀粉样蛋白阳性神经元数量显著增加。补充铜的饮用水增加了胆固醇喂养的兔子大脑皮质中β淀粉样阳性神经元的数量，但没有产生斑块状结构，也没有对心率调节产生显着影响。这些数据为我们的发现提供了额外的支持，即在没有斑块的情况下，饮食中的胆固醇可能有助于学习和记忆。
The cholesterol-fed rabbit is a model of atherosclerosis and has been proposed as an animal model of Alzheimer's disease. Feeding rabbits cholesterol has been shown to increase the number of beta amyloid immunoreactive neurons in the cortex. Addition of copper to the drinking water of cholesterol-fed rabbits can increase this number still further and may lead to plaque-like structures. Classical conditioning of the nictitating membrane response in cholesterol-fed rabbits is retarded in the presence of these plaque-like structures but may be facilitated in their absence. In a factorial design, rabbits fed 2% cholesterol or a normal diet (0% cholesterol) for 8 weeks with or without copper added to the drinking water were given trace classical conditioning using a tone and periorbital electrodermal stimulation to study the effects of cholesterol and copper on classical conditioning of heart rate and the nictitating membrane response. Cholesterol-fed rabbits showed significant facilitation of heart rate conditioning and conditioning-specific modification of heart rate relative to normal diet controls. Consistent with previous research, cholesterol had minimal effects on classical conditioning of the nictitating membrane response when periorbital electrodermal stimulation was used as the unconditioned stimulus. Immunohistochemical analysis showed a significant increase in the number of beta amyloid positive neurons in the cortex, hippocampus and amygdala of the cholesterol-fed rabbits. Supplementation of drinking water with copper increased the number of beta amyloid positive neurons in the cortex of cholesterol-fed rabbits but did not produce plaque-like structures or have a significant effect on heart rate conditioning. The data provide additional support for our finding that, in the absence of plaques, dietary cholesterol may facilitate learning and memory.