MECHANISM OF INTRAORAL TRANSPORT IN MACAQUES
MECHANISM OF INTRAORAL TRANSPORT IN MACAQUES
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DOI：
10.1002/ajpa.1330650307
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发表时间：
1984-01-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
GERMAN, RZ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
FRANKS, HA;CROMPTON, AW;GERMAN, RZ
所有的哺乳动物在咀嚼过程中，舌头和舌骨的周期性运动都有相同的划分：从最小张口开始的前伸或向前阶段，以及缩回或返回阶段。在返回阶段，非颚类哺乳动物将食物从口腔运输到口咽;舌头背面的食物向远端移动，而舌头缩回。猕猴在舌头/舌骨运动的延长阶段运输食物。食物通过舌面和食物前面的上颚之间的接触而被向后挤压。这种转运机制偶尔见于非哺乳动物，当它们将液体从口腔转运到口咽时。当这些哺乳动物运输固体食物时，还没有发现。这种差异的一个形态学基础是猕猴上颚皱褶高度的减少。在大多数哺乳动物中，这些皱褶是明显的脊，当舌头在食物下面向前滑动时，这些脊能够在延长过程中保持食物。类人猿和其他哺乳动物在吞咽之前储存食物的方式不同。当猕猴将食物输送到口咽部时，通常它们会在下一个循环中吞咽，但总是在接下来的2或3个循环中。大多数哺乳动物在吞咽食物之前会在口咽部运输和储存食物几个周期。这种行为与口咽部的形态差异有关;科动物的谷减少了，其他哺乳动物在吞咽前储存食物的区域。
All mammals have the same divisions of cyclic movement of tongue and hyoid during mastication; a protraction or forward phase that begins at minimum gape, and a retraction or return phase. Nonanthropoid mammals transport food from the oral cavity to the oropharynx during the return phase; food on the dorsal surface of the tongue moves distally, while the tongue is retracted. Macaques transport food during the protraction phase of tongue/hyoid movement. Food is squeezed posteriorly by contact between the tongue surface and the palate anterior to the food. This mechanism of transport is occasionally seen in nonanthropoid mammals when they are transporting liquids from the oral cavity to the oropharynx. It has not been seen when these mammals transport solid food. One morphological basis for this difference is the reduction in height of the rugae of the palate of macaques. In most mammals these rugae are pronounced ridges that are able to hold food in place during protraction as the tongue slides forward beneath the food. Anthropoids and other mammals differ in the way they store food prior to swallowing. When macaques transport food to the oropharynx, usually they swallow in the next cycle, but always in the next 2 or 3 cycles. Most mammals transport and store food in the oropharynx for several cycles before a swallow clears that region of food. This behavior is correlated with differences in morphology of the oropharynx; anthropoids have reduced valleculae, the area in which other mammals store food prior to swallowing.