The Erosive Effects of Racism: Reduced Self-Control Mediates the Relation Between Perceived Racial Discrimination and Substance Use in African American Adolescents
The Erosive Effects of Racism: Reduced Self-Control Mediates the Relation Between Perceived Racial Discrimination and Substance Use in African American Adolescents
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DOI：
10.1037/a0027404
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发表时间：
2012-05-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Wills, Thomas A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gibbons, Frederick X.;O'Hara, Ross E.;Wills, Thomas A.
在对非裔美国青少年样本进行的2项研究中，评估了种族歧视、自我控制、愤怒以及物质使用或使用认知。主要目标是研究随着时间的推移，歧视和自我控制之间的关系;第二个目标是确定这种关系是否介导了先前研究中发现的歧视和物质使用之间的联系。研究1，其中包括一个潜在的增长曲线分析与3波数据，表明歧视的经验（从10岁到18岁）与自我控制能力下降，然后预测增加物质的使用。进一步的分析表明，愤怒也是这种歧视使用关系的中介。研究2是实验性的，表明想象一种涉及歧视的经历与对双关语的物质相关反应增加有关（例如，锅、蟑螂）在单词联想任务中，特别是对于倾向性自我控制力较低的参与者。这种影响再次被愤怒的报道所调解。因此，“双重调解”模式是歧视->更多的愤怒和自我控制能力降低->增加物质使用和/或物质认知。结果进行了讨论的长期影响的歧视自我控制和健康行为。还讨论了旨在改善歧视和低自我控制对健康的负面影响的干预措施的影响。
Perceived racial discrimination, self-control, anger, and either substance use or use cognitions were assessed in 2 studies conducted with samples of African American adolescents. The primary goal was to examine the relation between discrimination and self-control over time; a 2nd goal was to determine whether that relation mediates the link between discrimination and substance use found in previous research. Study 1, which included a latent growth curve analysis with 3 waves of data, indicated that experience with discrimination (from age 10 years to age 18 years) was associated with reduced self-control, which then predicted increased substance use. Additional analyses indicated anger was also a mediator of this discrimination to use relation. Study 2, which was experimental, showed that envisioning an experience involving discrimination was associated with an increase in substance-related responses to double entendre words (e.g., pot, roach) in a word association task, especially for participants who were low in dispositional self-control. The effect was again mediated by reports of anger. Thus, the "double mediation" pattern was discrimination -> more anger and reduced self-control -> increased substance use and/or substance cognitions. Results are discussed in terms of the long-term impact of discrimination on self-control and health behavior. Implications for interventions aimed at ameliorating the negative effects of discrimination and low self-control on health are also discussed.