Ecosystem Service Valuation through Wildfire Risk Mitigation: Design, Governance, and Outcomes of the Flagstaff Watershed Protection Project (FWPP)
Ecosystem Service Valuation through Wildfire Risk Mitigation: Design, Governance, and Outcomes of the Flagstaff Watershed Protection Project (FWPP)
复制标题
通过野火风险缓解进行生态系统服务评估：弗拉格斯塔夫流域保护项目 (FWPP) 的设计、治理和成果
作者：
Royston D. Miller;E. Nielsen;Ching
很难估计健康流域带来的全部效益价值，生态系统服务价值有时必然以产生或避免的成本的形式出现。沿着这些思路，社会生态系统，包括流域服务付款(PWS)的频率正在增加，可以帮助土地管理实体弥补为必要的流域恢复林业处理提供资金的预算短缺。弗拉格斯塔夫流域保护项目(FWPP)是亚利桑那州北部的一个债券融资的野火风险缓解伙伴关系和PWS计划，是唯一一个利用市政债券作为财务机制并结合伙伴关系治理结构投资于联邦土地管理的森林管理项目。这项研究的目的是描述这一新的治理结构，以了解保护流域服务对社区和联邦土地管理机构的潜在好处。数据来源于文献回顾和关键线人访谈(n=9)。FWPP的机构设计和治理结构是为最大限度地发挥社区优势而量身定做的，并包含了与传统联邦土地管理模式相比的几个优势；这些优势包括更多的合作和机构支持、财务保障和公众认可。FWPP代表了一种创新的PWS系统，可以帮助展示独特的社区和联邦森林管理伙伴关系，使美国西部社区的分水岭健康受益。
The full value of benefits rendered from healthy watersheds is difficult to estimate, and ecosystem service (ES) valuation sometimes necessarily occurs in the form of costs incurred or avoided. Along these lines, social-ecological systems including Payment for Watershed Services (PWS) are increasing in frequency and can help land management entities to bridge budget shortfalls for funding needed watershed restoration forestry treatments. The Flagstaff Watershed Protection Project (FWPP) is a bond-financed wildfire risk mitigation partnership and PWS program in Northern Arizona, the only forest management project that utilizes a municipal bond as the financial mechanism in conjunction with a partnership governance structure to invest in federal land management. The purpose of this research was to describe this new governance structure to understand the potential benefits to communities and federal land management agencies for protecting watershed services. Data were derived from document review and key informant interviews (n = 9). FWPP institutional design and governance structures were tailored to maximize community strengths and encompassed several advantages over traditional federal land management models; these advantages include increased collaboration and institutional support, financial security, and public approval. The FWPP represents an innovative PWS system that can help showcase unique community and federal forest management partnerships that benefit watershed health in western US communities.