Progress dissecting the oral microbiome in caries and health.
Progress dissecting the oral microbiome in caries and health.
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DOI：
10.1177/0022034512449462
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发表时间：
2012-09-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Nascimento, M M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Burne, R A;Zeng, L;Nascimento, M M
最近“组学”技术的快速发展对口腔微生物组与其宿主的相互作用产生了新的见解。通常被认为耐酸的物种与龋齿的关联已得到证实，而一些被认为与健康相关的物种在没有龋齿的情况下通常以更大的比例存在。此外，一些新发现的细菌被认为是龋齿过程的潜在贡献者。尽管取得了这些进展，但仍然存在两大挑战。首先，口腔细菌的各个物种的表型能力存在很大的异质性。其次，口腔生物膜中最丰富的类群表现出显着的表型可塑性，即与健康或龋齿关系最密切的细菌可以响应环境 pH 值、碳水化合物可用性和来源、氧张力和氧化还原环境的变化而快速变形。然而，新技术的进步与“老式微生物学”相结合，开始消除更全面地了解口腔生物膜生理学和生态学的障碍，并由此开始为创造新型的、具有成本效益的龋齿控制疗法提供见解。
Recent rapid advances in "-omics" technologies have yielded new insights into the interaction of the oral microbiome with its host. Associations of species that are usually considered to be acid-tolerant with caries have been confirmed, while some recognized as health-associated are often present in greater proportions in the absence of caries. In addition, some newly identified bacteria have been suggested as potential contributors to the caries process. In spite of this progress, two major challenges remain. The first is that there is a great deal of heterogeneity in the phenotypic capabilities of individual species of oral bacteria. The second is that the most abundant taxa in oral biofilms display remarkable phenotypic plasticity, i.e., the bacteria associated most strongly with health or with caries can morph rapidly in response to alterations in environmental pH, carbohydrate availability and source, and oxygen tension and redox environment. However, new technologic advances coupled with "old-fashioned microbiology" are starting to erode the barriers to a more complete understanding of oral biofilm physiology and ecology, and in doing so are beginning to provide insights for the creation of novel cost-effective caries control therapies.