Characteristics of flower and fruit development of multi-pistillate type cucumbers
Characteristics of flower and fruit development of multi-pistillate type cucumbers
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DOI：
10.1080/14620316.2004.11511751
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发表时间：
2004-03-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Sugiyama, N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hikosaka, S;Sugiyama, N
对单雌蕊型“Aofushinari”（雌雄同株）、多雌蕊型“028”（雌雄同株）和多雌蕊型“NK X AN8”（雌雄同株）这三个黄瓜品种的果实发育进行了比较，以检验在短时间内从多花品种中收获大量果实的可能性。进行了两个实验，在实验 1 中捏住节点 18 处的顶芽，并在实验 2 中让顶芽生长。在这两个实验中，“Aofushinari”的总叶面积都大于其他品种。 '028'和'NK X AN8'的雌蕊花数量是'Aofushinari'的两倍。 '028'和'NK X AN8'每株植物在第30天期间收获的果实数量比'Aofushinari'多，特别是当允许顶芽生长而无需摘心时。然而，‘028’和‘NK X AN8’每朵花的败果率高于‘Aofushinari’，特别是在葡萄藤中部（第 8-12 节）。所有品种的花期都是从主蔓的底部到顶部进行的。除了葡萄藤下部（节点 4-7）的果实外，'Aofushinari' 的大多数果实在开花后约 20 天收获。另一方面，“028”和“NK X AN8”开花后，藤蔓中部的果实达到商业尺寸约30天或更长时间，而节点13以上的果实需要8-25天才能达到商业尺寸。结果，‘028’和‘NK X AN8’中的许多果实同时达到商业尺寸。这些结果表明，通过培育多雌蕊型黄瓜可以获得高产。
Fruit development was compared among three cucumber cultivars, i.e., single pistillate type 'Aofushinari' (monoecious), multi-pistillate type '028' (monoecious) and plural pistillate type 'NK X AN8' (gynoecious), to examine the possibility that large numbers of fruits can be harvested from cultivars bearing many flowers within a short period. Two experiments were conducted, pinching apical buds at node 18 in Exp.1 and allowing apical buds to grow in Exp.2. In both experiments, total leaf area was greater in 'Aofushinari' than the other cultivars. The number of pistillate flowers in '028' and 'NK X AN8' was double that in 'Aofushinari'. The number of fruits harvested during c 30 d per plant was larger in '028' and 'NK X AN8' than in 'Aofushinari', especially when apical buds were allowed to grow without pinching. However, the rates of fruit abortion per flower were higher in '028' and 'NK X AN8' than in 'Aofushinari', especially in the middle part of vines (nodes 8-12). Anthesis progressed from the bottom to the top of the main vines in all cultivars. Most fruits in 'Aofushinari' were harvested about 20 d after anthesis except for fruits on the lower part of vines (nodes 4-7). On the other hand, fruits on the middle part of vines attained commercial size about 30 d or more after anthesis in '028' and 'NK X AN8', whereas fruits above node 13 required 8-25 days to reach commercial size. As a result, many fruits reached commercial size at the same time in '028' and 'NK X AN8' These results suggest that high yields can be obtained by cultivating multi-pistillate type cucumbers.