Designing functionally graded materials with superior load-bearing properties.
Designing functionally graded materials with superior load-bearing properties.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.actbio.2011.11.033
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发表时间：
2012-03
影响因子：
9.7
通讯作者：
Zhang, Denzil
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhang, Yu;Sun, Ming-jie;Zhang, Denzil
关键词：
陶瓷假体经常因骨折和磨损而失败。我们假设，通过在陶瓷表面进行适当的弹性模量级配，这些失效可以实质上得到缓解。本文阐述了弹性模量分布对功能梯度材料抗弯曲损伤性能的影响，为设计具有优良承载性能的功能梯度材料提供了理论指导。假定梯度结构的杨氏模数与标度指数n呈幂函数关系变化，这与我们实验室和其他地方的实验观测结果一致。基于梯度梁的弯曲理论，研究了n值和体表比(Eb/Es)对梯度层中应力分布的影响。理论预测，低指数(0.15<；n<；0.5)加上相对较小的模数比(3<；Eb/Es<；6)最有利于降低最大应力并将其传递到内部，同时保持较低的表面应力。在实验上，我们证明了用低模数玻璃渗入氧化铝和氧化锆可以制备出不同n值和Eb/Es比的弹性梯度材料。弯曲试验表明，在这些参数的适当取值下，级配氧化铝和氧化锆具有较好的承载能力，比均质氧化铝和氧化锆高出20%~50%。提高陶瓷材料的承载能力可以对生物医学、民用、结构和一系列其他工程应用产生广泛的影响。
Ceramic prostheses often fail from fracture and wear. We hypothesize that these failures may be substantially mitigated by an appropriate grading of elastic modulus at the ceramic surface. In this study, we elucidate the effect of elastic modulus profile on the flexural damage resistance of functionally graded materials (FGMs), providing theoretical guidlines for designing FGM with superior load-bearing property. The Young's modulus of the graded structure is assumed to vary in a power-law relation with a scaling exponent n; this is in accordance with experimental observations from our laboratory and elsewhere. Based on the theory for bending of graded beams, we examine the effect of n value and bulk-to-surface modulus ratio (Eb/Es) on stress distribution through the graded layer. Theory predicts that a low exponent (0.15 < n < 0.5), coupled with a relatively small modulus ratio (3 < Eb/Es < 6), is most desirable for reducing the maximum stress and transferring it into the interior, while keeping the surface stress low. Experimentally, we demonstrate that elastically graded materials with various n values and Eb/Es ratios can be fabricated by infiltrating alumina and zirconia with a low-modulus glass. Flexural tests show that graded alumina and zirconia with suitable values of these parameters exhibit superior load-bearing capacity, 20% to 50% higher than their homogeneous counterparts. Improving load-bearing capacity of ceramic materials could have broad impacts on biomedical, civil, structural, and an array of other engineering applications.
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DOI：
10.1007/s10856-006-0662-0
发表时间：
2007-01-01
影响因子：
3.7
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