Exact and approximate energy sums in potential wells

Exact and approximate energy sums in potential wells
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势井中的精确和近似能量总和

DOI:
10.1088/1751-8121/ab69a6
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发表时间:
2020
期刊:
Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Burke, Kieron
Burke, Kieron
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Berry, M. V.;Burke, Kieron

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计算受势束缚的量子粒子的 N 个最低能级的总和,强调半经典状态 N≫ 1。欧拉-麦克劳林求和与正则化一起给出了这些能级的公式,仅涉及能级 N+ 1、N+ 2……对于谐振子和盒子中的粒子,该公式是精确的。对于水平大致已知的井(例如,WKB 系列),水平越高越准确,公式通过避免较低水平来提高准确性。对于线性势,该公式给出第一个艾里零,误差为 10−7。对于 Pöschl-Teller 势,正则化不能立即应用,但可以精确计算能量和;它的半经典近似取决于 N 和井深的关系。在更多维度中,应用欧拉-麦克劳林技术给出环面上自由粒子的能量和的解析公式,使用由平滑光谱阶梯加上短周期轨道的一些振荡校正确定的水平。
Sums of the N lowest energy levels for quantum particles bound by potentials are calculated, emphasising the semiclassical regime N≫ 1. Euler-Maclaurin summation, together with a regularisation, gives a formula for these energy sums, involving only the levels N+ 1, N+ 2.... For the harmonic oscillator and the particle in a box, the formula is exact. For wells where the levels are known approximately (eg as a WKB series), with the higher levels being more accurate, the formula improves accuracy by avoiding the lower levels. For a linear potential, the formula gives the first Airy zero with an error of order 10− 7. For the Pöschl–Teller potential, regularisation is not immediately applicable but the energy sum can be calculated exactly; its semiclassical approximation depends on how N and the well depth are linked. In more dimensions, the Euler–Maclaurin technique is applied to give an analytical formula for the energy sum for a free particle on a torus, using levels determined by the smoothed spectral staircase plus some oscillatory corrections from short periodic orbits.
贝克里安讲座,1987 年。量子混沌学
DOI: --
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