Photodynamic therapy: When van der Waals heterojunction meets tumor
Photodynamic therapy: When van der Waals heterojunction meets tumor
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cej.2021.129773
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发表时间：
2021-04-20
影响因子：
15.1
通讯作者：
Hu, Zhijun
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dai, Jiayong;Chen, Jiaxin;Hu, Zhijun
临床批准的光动力疗法（PDT）已成为癌症和恶性疾病的替代治疗方法;然而，高质量的PDT药物仍然需求量很大。本文中，制备石墨碳氮化物（g-C3 N4，这里缩写为CN）和金属二硫化钼（1 T-MoS 2，这里缩写为MS）的货车德瓦尔斯（vdW）异质结构，PEG化，然后研究。通过利用金属二硫化钼非凡的天线效应和超快的电子转移速率，以及最终异质结的光生电子-空穴对的有效分离，可以在670 nm激光照射下与合成的gC 3 N4 @ 1 T-MoS 2 vdW纳米结构（CNMS）一起产生大量活性氧（ROS），这应该主要归因于CNMS结构的有吸引力的光催化水分解性质。体外研究表明，细胞内产生的ROS可通过介导磷脂酰丝氨酸外翻、线粒体去极化、染色体DNA断裂、上调凋亡相关蛋白的表达、破坏细胞内氧化还原平衡等途径诱导细胞凋亡和/或坏死，从而导致细胞死亡。体内实验结果也表明，光动力疗法能明显抑制肿瘤生长。此外，还保证了出色的生物相容性和生物安全性。所有这些结果为CNMS vdW异质结构是一种澳大利亚的纳米光敏剂提供了有力的证据，并可能为PDT应用的纳米药物的开发提供一些新的思路。
Clinically approved photodynamic therapy (PDT) has emerged as an alternative treatment for cancers and malignant diseases; however, high quality PDT agents were still in great demand. Herein, the van der Waals (vdW) heterostructure of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4, abbreviated as CN here) and metallic molybdenum disulfide (1T-MoS2, abbreviated as MS here) was fabricated, PEGylated, and then investigated. By making use of the extraordinary antenna effect and the ultrafast electron transfer rate of metallic molybdenum disulfide, as well as the efficient separation of photogenerated electron-hole pairs of the final heterojunction, massive reactive oxygen species (ROS) can be generated under 670 nm laser irradiation together with the as-synthesized gC3N4@1T-MoS2 vdW nanostructure (CNMS), which should be largely owed to the appealing photocatalytic water splitting property of the CNMS structure. It was well proved by the in vitro studies that the intracellularly produced ROS can result in cell death, by the way of inducing cell apoptosis and/or necrosis through mediating phosphatidylserine ectropion, mitochondrial depolarization, and chromosomal DNA fragmentation, as well as up-regulating the expression of apoptosis-related proteins and unbalancing intracellular redox homeostasis. In vivo exploration also gave out satisfactory results that the tumor growth could be significantly inhibited by the photodynamic therapy. Additionally, outstanding biocompatibility and biosafety were also guaranteed. All these results provided compelling evidences for that the CNMS vdW heterostructure is an aussichtsreich nanophotosensitizer, and may provide some fresh ideas for the developing of nanomedicine for PDT application.