Can we define an infant's need from the composition of human milk?
Can we define an infant's need from the composition of human milk?
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DOI：
10.3945/ajcn.112.044370
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发表时间：
2013-08-01
影响因子：
7.1
通讯作者：
Boehm, Guenther
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Stam, Jose;Sauer, Pieter J. J.;Boehm, Guenther
母乳被推荐为婴儿的最佳营养来源，并与儿童健康的几个短期和长期益处有关。当接受人乳是健康足月婴儿的最佳营养时，应该可以从人乳的摄入量计算这些婴儿的营养需求。这些数据可用于设计婴儿配方奶粉的最佳组成。在这篇综述中，我们表明，母乳的组成是相当可变的，并取决于因素，如开始或结束喂养，哺乳期的持续时间，饮食和身体组成的母亲，母亲的基因，并可能婴儿的因素，如性别。特别是，人乳中脂肪酸的组成变化很大。因此，仅从母乳的摄入量来估计婴儿的营养需求似乎是有问题的。婴儿的最佳摄入量必须至少部分地基于其他信息，例如平衡或稳定同位素研究。目前关于婴儿配方奶粉的成分应基于人乳成分的建议需要修订。
Human milk is recommended as the optimal nutrient source for infants and is associated with several short- and long-term benefits for child health. When accepting that human milk is the optimal nutrition for healthy term infants, it should be possible to calculate the nutritional needs of these infants from the intake of human milk. These data can then be used to design the optimal composition of infant formulas. In this review we show that the composition of human milk is rather variable and is dependent on factors such as beginning or end of feeding, duration of lactation, diet and body composition of the mother, maternal genes, and possibly infant factors such as sex. In particular, the composition of fatty acids in human milk is quite variable. It therefore seems questionable to estimate the nutritional needs of an infant exclusively from the intake of human milk. The optimal intake for infants must be based, at least in part, on other information-eg, balance or stable-isotope studies. The present recommendation that the composition of infant formulas should be based on the composition of human milk needs revision.