Mechanobiology in lung epithelial cells: measurements, perturbations, and responses.
Mechanobiology in lung epithelial cells: measurements, perturbations, and responses.
复制标题
肺上皮细胞的力学生物学：测量、扰动和响应。
DOI：
10.1002/cphy.c100090
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Navajas,Daniel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Waters,ChristopherM;Roan,Esra;Navajas,Daniel
肺的上皮细胞位于环境和生物体之间的界面处，并且具有许多重要功能，包括屏障保护、流体平衡、颗粒清除、免疫应答的启动、粘液和表面活性剂产生以及损伤后的修复。由于肺的复杂结构及其在呼吸周期中的周期性变形，上皮细胞暴露于连续变化的机械应力水平。虽然在这些条件下维持正常的肺功能，但机械应力的变化可能对上皮细胞的功能产生深远的影响，从而影响器官的功能。在这篇综述中，我们将描述肺中的压力和应变的类型，这些压力和应变是如何传播的，以及这些压力和应变在人类疾病或动物模型中可能如何变化。已经开发了许多方法来更好地了解细胞如何感知和响应机械应力，我们将讨论这些方法以及它们如何用于研究培养中的肺上皮细胞。了解细胞如何感知和响应机械应力的变化将有助于我们了解肺上皮细胞在正常功能和发育过程中的作用，以及它们的功能如何在急性肺损伤，哮喘，肺气肿和纤维化等疾病中发生变化。
Epithelial cells of the lung are located at the interface between the environment and the organism and serve many important functions including barrier protection, fluid balance, clearance of particulate, initiation of immune responses, mucus and surfactant production, and repair following injury. Because of the complex structure of the lung and its cyclic deformation during the respiratory cycle, epithelial cells are exposed to continuously varying levels of mechanical stresses. While normal lung function is maintained under these conditions, changes in mechanical stresses can have profound effects on the function of epithelial cells and therefore the function of the organ. In this review, we will describe the types of stresses and strains in the lungs, how these are transmitted, and how these may vary in human disease or animal models. Many approaches have been developed to better understand how cells sense and respond to mechanical stresses, and we will discuss these approaches and how they have been used to study lung epithelial cells in culture. Understanding how cells sense and respond to changes in mechanical stresses will contribute to our understanding of the role of lung epithelial cells during normal function and development and how their function may change in diseases such as acute lung injury, asthma, emphysema, and fibrosis.