Neo-liberalization Processes and Spatial Planning in France, Germany, and the Netherlands: An Exploration
Neo-liberalization Processes and Spatial Planning in France, Germany, and the Netherlands: An Exploration
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法国、德国和荷兰的新自由化进程和空间规划：探索
DOI：
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
O. Sykes
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
B. Waterhout;Frank Othengrafen;O. Sykes
摘要：“英国人的经历与众不同吗？”正是这个问题，由本特刊的客座编辑提出，引发了这篇文章的重点是新自由主义意识形态对德国，法国和荷兰规划的影响。本文以新自由主义的多面性概念为视角，解读三国的近期发展。对英格兰规划的拟议修改也进行了简要考虑。尽管在所分析的国家中，新自由主义在规划中的规模和实际表现存在明显差异，英国显然表现出一些更激进和破坏性的影响，但西北欧的规划似乎有一个明确的方向。由于全球化、个性化和欧洲化的进程，每个国家也出现了关于规划的立场和目标的问题。新自由化进程往往进一步突出这些问题，因为规划往往是基于一套不同的原则。然而，这并不一定完全将计划与新自由主义分开。特别是，法国和德国的经验表明，即使在广泛的“新自由主义时代”，仍然有空间规划的需求。
Abstract ‘Is the English experience distinctive?’ It is this question, asked by the guest editors of this Special Issue, that triggered this article focusing on the impact of neo-liberal ideologies on planning in Germany, France, and the Netherlands. The multi-faceted concept of neo-liberalism is used here as a perspective to interpret the recent developments in the three countries. Proposed changes to planning in England are also briefly considered. Although there are clear differences in the magnitude and actual manifestation of neo-liberalism in planning across the analyzed countries, with England clearly showing some of the more radical and disruptive effects, there seems to be a clear direction in which planning in North West Europe is heading. Due to processes of globalization, individualization, and Europeanization, questions also arise in each country regarding the position and objectives of planning. Neo-liberalization processes tend to further accentuate these questions as planning more often than not is grounded on a different set of principles. Yet, this does not necessarily completely dissociate planning from neo-liberalism. In particular, the French and German experiences indicate that even in broadly ‘neo-liberal times’, there is still a demand for spatial planning.