Extraocular Source of Oligodendrocytes Contribute to Retinal Myelination and Optokinetic Responses in Zebrafish.
Extraocular Source of Oligodendrocytes Contribute to Retinal Myelination and Optokinetic Responses in Zebrafish.
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DOI：
10.1167/iovs.15-17675
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发表时间：
2016-04
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Chen Tian;Suqi Zou;Bing Hu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Chen Tian;Suqi Zou;Bing Hu
大多数哺乳动物的视网膜没有髓鞘形成，即使髓鞘形成，也总是伴随着眼部疾病。虽然低等脊椎动物与生俱来就有髓鞘，但涉及少突胶质细胞（OL）的髓鞘形成的精确时间动态、OL的起源、它们在髓鞘形成中的行为以及它们在视网膜中的功能尚未被清楚地阐述。因此，我们着重从这几个方面对斑马鱼视网膜中的少突胶质细胞和髓鞘进行了研究。方法采用视网膜整体铺片、免疫组化、视神经逆行标记等方法检测髓鞘形成。利用全眼外翻和移植技术，我们研究了OLs的视网膜起源。通过视神经移植，我们可以在斑马鱼视网膜上观察到单个的OLs。采用视动反射（OKR）行为学试验和溶血磷脂酰胆碱（LPC）诱导的视网膜脱髓鞘模型检测髓鞘功能。首先，我们证明了在斑马鱼视网膜中髓鞘形成开始于28 dpf。其次，我们直接证明了斑马鱼视网膜中的所有OL都是从视神经迁移而来，而不是从国内来源迁移而来。第三，我们发现，与成年OL相比，年轻OL倾向于产生更长但数量较少的节间。最后，我们发现斑马鱼眼睛中的髓鞘与优雅的OKR功能相关。结论在斑马鱼视网膜中，28 dpf时眼外源性的OLs最早出现，随着年龄的增长，OLs逐渐发育，并参与视动反应。
PURPOSE There is no myelination in most mammalian retinas, and if it does happen, it is always accompanied by eye disease. Although lower vertebrates are born with myelin, the precise temporal dynamics of myelination in which oligodendrocytes (OLs) are involved, the origin of OLs, their behaviors in myelination, and their function in retinas have not yet been clearly elaborated. Therefore, we focus on these aspects to study the oligodendrocytes and myelin sheath in the zebrafish retina. METHODS Retinal whole mount, immunohistochemistry, and optic nerve retrograde labeling were performed to monitor the myelination. Taking advantage of whole eye eversion and transplantation techniques, we studied the retinal origin of OLs. By optic nerve transplantation, we can observe single OLs in zebrafish retina. The optokinetic reflex (OKR) behavior test and the lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC)-induced retinal demyelination model were used to test the function of the myelin. RESULTS First, we demonstrated that myelination starts at 28 dpf in zebrafish retinas. Second, we directly proved that all the OLs in zebrafish retinas migrated from the optic nerve rather than from a domestic source. Third, we found that compared with adult OLs, younger OLs tend to generate longer but a fewer number of internodes. Finally, we found that the myelin in zebrafish eyes is functionally relevant to the elegant OKR. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that the extraocular source of OLs first appeared at 28 dpf in zebrafish retina and then gradually developed with age, which contribute to optokinetic responses.