Endophytic and epiphytic phyllosphere fungi of Camellia japonica: seasonal and leaf age-dependent variations
Endophytic and epiphytic phyllosphere fungi of Camellia japonica: seasonal and leaf age-dependent variations
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作者：
T. Osono
研究了山茶内生和附生叶际真菌群落的季节性和叶龄性变化。活叶C.在四个季节（5月、8月、11月、2月）采集日本金龟子的叶片，从0、1、2、3年生的健康叶片上分离真菌。5 ~ 2月，随着叶片的衰老，内生真菌的感染率和总数呈上升趋势，内生真菌的物种丰富度也呈上升趋势。相反，真菌的感染率为100%，所有叶龄在每个采样日期。分离出的真菌总数在5月最多，在8月最低。真菌的物种丰富度没有显着差异，季节或叶龄。报道了8种主要叶际真菌。日本的。胶孢炭疽菌（Colletotrichum gloeosporioides）、苹果炭疽菌（C. acutatum和附生植物拟盘多毛孢属（Pestalotiopsis sp.1）、出芽短梗霉（Aureobasidium pullulans）、茎点霉属（Phoma sp.1）和枝绿霉属（Ramichloridium sp.），而内生真菌Geniculosporium sp.1的频率随叶龄而变化。叶生枝孢枝孢菌的出现频率随季节和叶龄而变化。
Seasonal and leaf age-dependent variations in the endophytic and epiphytic phyllosphere fungal assemblages of Camellia japonica were examined and compared. Live leaves of C. japonica were collected in four seasons (May, Aug, Nov, Feb), and fungi were isolated from healthy-looking leaves of 0, 1, 2 and 3 y old. The infection rate and total number of endophytic fungi increased May–Feb, and species richness of endophytes increased as leaves aged. In contrast the infection rate of epiphytic fungi was 100% for all leaf ages at every sampling date. The total number of epiphytic fungi isolated was greatest in May and lowest in Aug. The species richness of epiphytes did not differ significantly by season or leaf age. Eight fungal species were recorded as major phyllosphere fungi of C. japonica. Seasonal variations were detected for the frequencies of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, C. acutatum, and epiphytes Pestalotiopsis sp.1, Aureobasidium pullulans, Phoma sp.1 and Ramichloridium sp., whereas the frequency of the endophyte Geniculosporium sp.1 varied with leaf age. The frequency of the epiphyte Cladosporium cladosporioides varied with both season and leaf age.