Relationship between stunting in infancy and growth and fat distribution during adolescence in Senegalese girls
Relationship between stunting in infancy and growth and fat distribution during adolescence in Senegalese girls
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DOI：
10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601121
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发表时间：
2001-01-01
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Malina, RM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bénéfice, E;Garnier, D;Malina, RM
目的：研究婴儿期发育迟缓对青春期发育成熟、生长发育和脂肪分布的长期影响。设计：1995年至1999年，每年对406名塞内加尔农村青春期女孩进行临床和生长发育评估。青春期女孩1995年为11.4岁+/-0.5岁，1999年为15.5岁+/-0.5岁。他们在婴儿期的生长状况是已知的。大约20%的女孩在6-18个月大的时候身高年龄(H年龄)低于-2 Z分数(慢性营养不良或发育迟缓)。作为青少年，这些女孩根据H-年龄被分为两组：发育迟缓的和婴儿时期没有发育迟缓的。测量：根据乳房发育阶段和月经初潮来评价性成熟。测量身高、体质量、坐高、双髂骨和双肩峰直径以及6个皮褶厚度。结果：既往发育迟缓和非发育迟缓女童的性成熟差异无统计学意义。女孩在婴儿期发育迟缓，在青春期的体重和皮下脂肪质量，但她们没有赶上身高，坐高或骨骼宽度(双峰和双髂骨直径)，直到1999年的最后观察。发育迟缓的女孩没有更少的皮下脂肪(六层皮褶的总和)，也没有更低的BMI。皮下脂肪分布的区域差异(Z分数分布)显示，发育迟缓的女孩与非发育迟缓的女孩相比，二头肌和肩胛骨下部位的脂肪增加更多。对最后一轮(1999年)测量的6个皮褶的残留物进行主成分分析(PCA)，以评估区域脂肪分布。主成分分析确定了三种成分。发育迟缓的女孩和非发育迟缓的女孩在第一部分(躯干-四肢对比)和第二部分(前后对比)方面相似。然而，第三个成分有所不同：发育迟缓的女孩往往比非发育迟缓的女孩在上半身(躯干或手臂)积累更多的皮下脂肪。结论：发育迟缓的塞内加尔女孩在青春期有追赶生长的潜力。发育迟缓的女孩上半身皮下脂肪的大量积累可能是青春期开始时复杂的荷尔蒙调节的结果。
Objective: To study the long-term impact of stunting during infancy on maturation, growth and fat distribution in adolescence.Design: A cohort of 406 Senegalese adolescent girls of rural origin underwent clinical and growth assessments every year from 1995 to 1999.Subjects: Mean coverage rate was 82% at each round. Adolescent girls were 11.4+/-0.5 y of age in 1995 and 15.5+/-0.5 y of age in 1999. Their growth status during infancy was known. About 20% of the girls had a height-age (H-age) below -2 Z-scores (chronic malnutrition or stunting) when they were 6-18 months of age. As adolescents, the girls were divided into two groups on the basis of H-age: those stunted and those non-stunted during infancy.Measurements: Sexual maturation was assessed by stage of breast development and menarche. Height, body mass, sitting height, bi-iliac and bi-acromial diameters, and six skinfolds were measured.Results: Differences in sexual maturation between previously stunted and non-stunted girls were not significant. Girls stunted at infancy caught up in body weight and subcutaneous fat mass during puberty, but they did not catch up on stature, sitting height or skeletal breadths (bi-acromial and bi-iliac diameters) until the final observation in 1999. Stunted girls did not have less subcutaneous fat (sum of six skinfolds) or a lower BMI. Regional variation in subcutaneous fat distribution (Z-score profile) indicated greater accretion at the biceps and subscapular sites in stunted compared to the non-stunted girls. Regional fat distribution was also assessed by principal component analysis (PCA) performed on the residuals of the six skinfolds measured during the final round (1999). PCA identified three components. Stunted and non-stunted girls were similar for the first (trunk-extremity contrast) and second (anterior-posterior contrast) components. However, there was a difference for the third component: stunted girls tended to accumulate more subcutaneous fat on the upper part of the body (trunk or arms) than non-stunted girls.Conclusion: Stunted Senegalese girls have a potential for catching up in growth during puberty. The greater accumulation of subcutaneous fat on the upper body in stunted girls may be a consequence of complex hormonal adjustments at the onset of puberty.Sponsorship: Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD anciennement ORSTOM) and the Nestle Foundation.