Thermal dynamics in general relativity
Thermal dynamics in general relativity
复制标题
广义相对论中的热动力学
DOI：
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
N. Andersson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cesar S. Lopez;N. Andersson
我们讨论了热传导的相对论模型，该模型建立在多流体系统的对流变分方法的基础上，其中熵被视为独特的动力学实体。我们演示了这种方法如何得出 Cattaneo 方程的相对论版本，编码满足因果关系所需的有限热弛豫时间。我们还表明，该模型自然包含非平衡吉布斯关系，这是大多数扩展热力学方法的关键要素。着眼于纯热传导问题，我们将变分结果与 Israel 和 Stewart 开发的二阶模型进行了比较。比较表明，尽管两种方法背后的原理截然不同，但这两个模型在热平衡的一阶偏差方面是等效的。最后，我们通过计算结果的非相对论极限，并与该体系中最近的工作联系起来，完成了这幅图画。
We discuss a relativistic model for heat conduction, building on a convective variational approach to multi-fluid systems where the entropy is treated as a distinct dynamical entity. We demonstrate how this approach leads to a relativistic version of the Cattaneo equation, encoding the finite thermal relaxation time that is required to satisfy causality. We also show that the model naturally includes the non-equilibrium Gibbs relation that is a key ingredient in most approaches to extended thermodynamics. Focusing on the pure heat conduction problem, we compare the variational results with the second-order model developed by Israel and Stewart. The comparison shows that, despite the very different philosophies behind the two approaches, the two models are equivalent at first-order deviations from thermal equilibrium. Finally, we complete the picture by working out the non-relativistic limit of our results, making contact with recent work in that regime.