Exposure to moderate acid water and aluminum reduces Atlantic salmon post-smolt survival
Exposure to moderate acid water and aluminum reduces Atlantic salmon post-smolt survival
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DOI：
10.1016/j.aquaculture.2007.10.018
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发表时间：
2007-12-18
期刊：
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Salbu, B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kroglund, F.;Finstad, B.;Salbu, B.
酸化被认为是导致大西洋鲑鱼（萨尔莫salar L.）灭绝或渔获量减少的原因。挪威的人口。在淡水中，不稳定（阳离子/无机）形式的铝（LA 1）积聚在鱼鳃中，高浓度会导致呼吸和离子调节功能障碍导致死亡。在较低浓度下，铝仍然可能通过抑制鳃Na+，K+-ATP酶活性而产生种群效应，从而降低低渗透调节能力和海洋生存。在1999年至2003年期间，我们将1150至1200只一岁孵化场饲养的Carlin标记的Imsa品系的大西洋鲑鱼幼鱼（挪威西南部）暴露于中度酸化的水（pH 5.8; 5-15 μ g LAl L-1）中3（短期暴露）至60（长期暴露）天。暴露于Imsa湖水（pH > 6.5且< 5 μ g LAl L-1）的鱼作为对照。对照鱼的鳃铝浓度范围为5至10微克铝g（-1）鳃干重（dw），而铝暴露的鱼鳃铝浓度超过20微克铝g（-1）鳃dw之前，海水释放。测量的生理反应，血浆Cl-和葡萄糖有关的LAI浓度在水中和铝到鳃上的积累。鳃Na+，K+-ATP酶活性在含铝量>25 μ g g g（-1）鳃干重的所有组中均受到抑制。暴露后，这些小鲑鱼被释放到Imsa河中，以监测下游迁移和海洋返回率。酸暴露的小鲑鱼迁移出河与控制。成人回报率降低了20至50%，在所有铝暴露组相对于对照组，虽然海洋生长不受影响。结果表明，即使是中度和/或间歇性酸化的河流含有5-15 μ g的LAI L-1可以导致大西洋鲑鱼的回报大幅减少。(C)2007 Elsevier B. V.保留所有权利。
Acidification is acknowledged as the cause for extinction or catch reductions in numerous Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) populations in Norway. In freshwater, labile (cationic/inorganic) forms of Al (LAl) accumulate in fish gills, where high concentrations result in mortality due to respiratory and ionoregulatory dysfunction. At lower concentrations, Al may still have population effects by inhibiting gill Na+,K+-ATPase activity, thereby reducing hypoosmoregulatory capacity and marine survival. Over the years 1999 to 2003 we exposed groups of 1150 to 1200 one-year old hatchery reared, Carlin tagged Atlantic salmon smolts of the Imsa strain (South-Western Norway) to moderately acidified water (pH 5.8; 5-15 mu g LAl L-1) from 3 (short term exposure) to 60 (long term exposure) days. Fish exposed to Lake Imsa water (pH > 6.5 and < 5 mu g LAl L-1) acted as controls. Control fish had gill-Al concentrations in the range of 5 to 10 mu g Al g(-1) gill dry weight (dw), while Al-exposed fish had gill-Al concentrations exceeding 20 mu g At g(-1) gill dw prior to seawater release. The physiological responses measured as plasma Cl- and glucose were related to the LAl concentration in water and to the accumulation of Al onto the gills. Gill Na+,K+-ATPase activity was depressed in all groups having >25 mu g Al g(-1) gill dw. Following exposure, the smolts were released into River Imsa to monitor downstream migration and ocean return rates. Acid exposed smolts migrated out of the river together with controls. Adult return rates were reduced by 20 to 50% in all Al-exposed groups relative to the control groups, although marine growth was unaffected. The results suggest that even moderately and/or episodically acidified rivers containing 5-15 mu g LAl L-1 can cause substantial reductions in returns of Atlantic salmon. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.