Constructional design of echinoid endoskeleton: main structural components and their potential for biomimetic applications
Constructional design of echinoid endoskeleton: main structural components and their potential for biomimetic applications
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DOI：
10.1088/1748-3190/abb86b
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发表时间：
2020-09
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
V. Perricone;Tobias B. Grun;F. Marmo;C. Langella;M. C. Candia Carnevali
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
V. Perricone;Tobias B. Grun;F. Marmo;C. Langella;M. C. Candia Carnevali
棘皮动物（Deuterostomia：Echinodermata）的内骨骼起源于中胚层，由细胞、有机成分以及无机矿物基质组成。棘皮动物的骨架形成了一个复杂的网格系统，它代表了自然启发工程在建筑，机械行为和功能设计方面的模型结构。海胆（Echinodermata：Echinoidea）的内骨骼由三个主要的结构组成：测试、牙器和附属附件。虽然，海胆骨骼的所有部分都由相同的基本材料组成，但根据直接和明确的结构-功能关系，它们的微观结构在满足几种机械需求方面显示出巨大的潜力。这种多功能性使海胆骨骼能够适应不同的活动，如结构支撑，防御，进食，挖掘和清洁。尽管受到能量和资源效率的限制，但在海胆骨骼中发现的许多结构在功能性能方面都得到了优化。因此，这些结构可用作建筑、机器人、生物医学和材料工程等各个工业领域生物启发解决方案的榜样。本文综述了海胆内骨骼的力学和仿生研究现状，并为今后的研究提供参考。
The endoskeleton of echinoderms (Deuterostomia: Echinodermata) is of mesodermal origin and consists of cells, organic components, as well as an inorganic mineral matrix. The echinoderm skeleton forms a complex lattice-system, which represents a model structure for naturally inspired engineering in terms of construction, mechanical behaviour and functional design. The sea urchin (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) endoskeleton consists of three main structural components: test, dental apparatus and accessory appendages. Although, all parts of the echinoid skeleton consist of the same basic material, their microstructure displays a great potential in meeting several mechanical needs according to a direct and clear structure–function relationship. This versatility has allowed the echinoid skeleton to adapt to different activities such as structural support, defence, feeding, burrowing and cleaning. Although, constrained by energy and resource efficiency, many of the structures found in the echinoid skeleton are optimized in terms of functional performances. Therefore, these structures can be used as role models for bio-inspired solutions in various industrial sectors such as building constructions, robotics, biomedical and material engineering. The present review provides an overview of previous mechanical and biomimetic research on the echinoid endoskeleton, describing the current state of knowledge and providing a reference for future studies.