Leveraging Bogotá: Sustainable development, global philanthropy and the rise of urban solutionism
Leveraging Bogotá: Sustainable development, global philanthropy and the rise of urban solutionism
复制标题
利用波哥大：可持续发展、全球慈善事业和城市解决主义的兴起
DOI：
10.1177/0042098018798555
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Sergio Montero
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sergio Montero
《2030年可持续发展议程》的特点是将可持续性作为一项关键指导原则加以巩固，并强调城市是全球发展问题的潜在解决方案。然而，在缺乏关于如何在城市实施可持续发展的协议的情况下，一套城市政策解决方案和“最佳实践”成为可持续发展议程在世界范围内传播的工具。本文表明，自2000年代以来，波哥大<e:1>作为可持续交通典范的快速流通反映了国际发展机构越来越关注城市政策解决方案，将其作为实现全球发展影响的舞台，我在本文中称之为“撬动城市”的逻辑。这一逻辑出现在一个特殊的历史关头，其特点是：(1)全球慈善事业制定发展议程的力量日益增强；(2)解决方案主义在发展和慈善组织中作为一种行动战略的普遍化；(3)越来越多的人关注城市作为全球发展问题的解决方案，特别是在可持续性和气候变化方面。通过将城市政策流动辩论与发展研究联系起来，本文试图揭示“撬动城市”作为一种不断扩散的全球发展实践的出现及其局限性。这些城市政策解决方案远未成为明确的行动框架。相反，由于发展和慈善组织不愿意干预导致环境退化和气候变化的结构性因素和多重尺度，它们的流通成为了构建可持续发展问题的“权宜之计”。
The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development is marked by the consolidation of sustainability as a key guiding principle and an emphasis on cities as a potential solution to global development problems. However, in the absence of an agreement on how to implement sustainable development in cities, a set of urban policy solutions and ‘best practices’ became the vehicles through which the sustainable development agenda is spreading worldwide. This article shows that the rapid circulation of Bogotá as a model of sustainable transport since the 2000s reflects an increasing focus of the international development apparatus on urban policy solutions as an arena to achieve global development impacts, what I call the ‘leveraging cities’ logic in this article. This logic emerges at a particular historical conjuncture characterised by: (1) the rising power of global philanthropy to set development agendas; (2) the generalisation of solutionism as a strategy of action among development and philanthropic organisations; and (3) the increasing attention on cities as solutions for global development problems, particularly around sustainability and climate change. By connecting urban policy mobilities debates with development studies this article seeks to unpack the emergence, and the limits, of ‘leveraging cities’ as a proliferating global development practice. These urban policy solutions are far from being a clear framework of action. Rather, their circulation becomes a ‘quick fix’ to frame the problem of sustainable development given the unwillingness of development and philanthropic organisations to intervene in the structural factors and multiple scales that produce environmental degradation and climate change.