The role of peripheral nerve ECM components in the tissue engineering nerve construction
The role of peripheral nerve ECM components in the tissue engineering nerve construction
复制标题
周围神经ECM成分在组织工程神经构建中的作用
DOI：
10.1515/revneuro-2013-0022
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发表时间：
2013-08-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Peng, Jiang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gao, Xupeng;Wang, Yu;Peng, Jiang
摘要细胞外基质（ECM）是一种天然存在的基质，为细胞提供支持结构和附着位点。它还产生生物信号，其在细胞粘附、迁移、增殖、分化和基因表达中起重要作用并具有显著影响。周围神经的修复是一个复杂的过程，涉及雪旺细胞的增殖和迁移，'Büngner带'的形成，以及新生神经的延伸。在周围神经的ECM中，大分子沉积在细胞之间;这些构成了许旺细胞生长的微环境。这样的大分子包括胶原蛋白（I、III、IV、V）、层粘连蛋白、纤连蛋白、硫酸软骨素蛋白聚糖（CSPG）和其他神经因子。胶原是ECM的主要成分，提供结构支持并引导新生神经丝延伸。层粘连蛋白、纤维连接蛋白、CSPGs和神经营养因子是促进剂或抑制剂，在损伤后的神经修复中发挥不同的作用。脱细胞异体神经移植通过化学脱细胞的方法，去除了引起同种异体神经移植排斥反应的抗原，保留了大部分细胞外基质成分，可以有效地引导和促进神经再生。因此，周围神经细胞外基质的组成和特性表明其作为神经修复材料的优越性。本文就周围神经细胞外基质成分的结构、功能及其在组织工程神经构建中的应用作一综述。
Abstract The extracellular matrix (ECM) is the naturally occurring substrate that provides a support structure and an attachment site for cells. It also produces a biological signal, which plays an important role in and has significant impact on cell adhesion, migration, proliferation, differentiation, and gene expression. Peripheral nerve repair is a complicated process involving Schwann cell proliferation and migration, ‘bands of Büngner’ formation, and newborn nerve extension. In the ECM of peripheral nerves, macromolecules are deposited among cells; these constitute the microenvironment of Schwann cell growth. Such macromolecules include collagen (I, III, IV, V), laminin, fibronectin, chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs), and other nerve factors. Collagen, the main component of ECM, provides structural support and guides newborn neurofilament extension. Laminin, fibronectin, CSPGs, and neurotrophic factors, are promoters or inhibitors, playing different roles in nerve repair after injury. By a chemical decellularization process, acellular nerve allografting eliminates the antigens responsible for allograft rejection and maintains most of the ECM components, which can effectively guide and enhance nerve regeneration. Thus, the composition and features of peripheral nerve ECM suggest its superiority as nerve repair material. This review focuses on the structure, function, and application in the tissue engineering nerve construction of the peripheral nerve ECM components.