Nonequilibrium Fractionation During Ice Cloud Formation in iCAM5: Evaluating the Common Parameterization of Supersaturation as a Linear Function of Temperature

Nonequilibrium Fractionation During Ice Cloud Formation in iCAM5: Evaluating the Common Parameterization of Supersaturation as a Linear Function of Temperature
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iCAM5 中冰云形成过程中的非平衡分馏:评估作为温度线性函数的过饱和度的常见参数化

DOI:
10.1029/2019ms001764
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发表时间:
2019
影响因子:
6.8
通讯作者:
Nusbaumer, Jesse M.
Nusbaumer, Jesse M.
中科院分区:
地球科学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Dütsch, Marina;Blossey, Peter N.;Steig, Eric J.;Nusbaumer, Jesse M.

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相对于冰的过饱和决定了气相沉积到冰或雪上的非平衡分馏的强度,因此影响了冷环境中水汽和降水的水同位素组成。历史上,大多数一般环流模式通过饱和度调整形成云,从而防止过饱和。为了匹配观测到的同位素含量,特别是极地地区雪的氘过量,对冰(Si)的饱和比进行了参数化,通常假设与硅温度线性相关。社区大气模型第5版(CAM5)不再对冰相应用饱和度调整,从而允许冰过饱和。在这里,我们采用CAM5的同位素支持版本来计算基于CAM5微物理的冰和混合相云中的非平衡分馏,并使用它来评估si的常见参数化。结果表明,CAM5微物理预测的sii范围较宽,并反映在模拟的南极降水氘过量中;这被线性参数化过度简化了。然而,一个线性函数,当适当调整时,可以相当好地再现δ d和氘过量之间的平均观测关系。然而,只有模型预测能够捕捉到不同气候状态下微物理条件的变化,而这些变化不是由温度变化引起的。此外,参数敏感性测试表明,使用模型预测的si,水同位素与模型微物理更紧密地联系在一起,因此可以约束不确定的微物理参数。
Supersaturation with respect to ice determines the strength of nonequilibrium fractionation during vapor deposition onto ice or snow and therefore influences the water isotopic composition of vapor and precipitation in cold environments. Historically, most general circulation models formed clouds through saturation adjustment and therefore prevented supersaturation. To match the observed isotopic content, especially the deuterium excess, of snow in polar regions, the saturation ratio with respect to ice (Si) was parameterized, usually by assuming a linear dependence ofSion temperature. The Community Atmosphere Model Version 5 (CAM5) no longer applies saturation adjustment for the ice phase and thus allows ice supersaturation. Here, we adapt the isotope‐enabled version of CAM5 to compute nonequilibrium fractionation in ice and mixed‐phase clouds based onSifrom the CAM5 microphysics and use it to evaluate the common parameterization ofSi. Our results show a wide range ofSipredicted by the CAM5 microphysics and reflected in the simulated deuterium excess of Antarctic precipitation; this is overly simplified by the linear parameterization. Nevertheless, a linear function, when properly tuned, can reproduce the average observed relationship betweenδD and deuterium excess reasonably well. However, only the model‐predictedSican capture changes in microphysical conditions under different climate states that are not due to changes in temperature. Furthermore, parametric sensitivity tests show that with the model‐predictedSi, water isotopes are more closely tied to the model microphysics and can therefore constrain uncertain microphysical parameters.
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