Building permanent memory codes: codification and repetition effects in word identification.
Building permanent memory codes: codification and repetition effects in word identification.
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构建永久记忆代码：单词识别中的编码和重复效果。
DOI：
10.1037//0096-3445.114.1.50
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发表时间：
1985
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Feustel,TC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Salasoo,A;Shiffrin,RM;Feustel,TC
在这篇文章中提出的研究调查的记忆过程，在阈值识别的两个现象的基础上：字优于伪词和重复效应（一个项目的先前介绍促进后来的识别该项目）。编码（也就是说，开发出一种甚至可以由零碎的输入信息触发的单一记忆代码）解释了比假词更快、更准确的词识别。我们的研究追踪了重复假词的这种代码的发展和保留，并研究了假词和词的重复效应的增长和损失。经过大约五个先前的事件，字和伪词同样准确地确定在两种类型的阈值识别任务，这表明编纂已经完成了伪词。虽然最初的单词优势消失了，但识别的准确性仍然随着重复而增加。重复引起的促进作用不受会话间隔的影响，但从一天到下一天，延迟一年后消失（新单词和旧单词同样可以识别）。这些结果表明，重复效应的情节基础。最重要的是，一年后，旧的假词和新的和旧的词的表现是平等的：所有这些水平都上级新的假词，这表明学习代码的假词是强大的和永久的代码的话。识别模型中，反馈的代码和情节图像在内存中促进字母处理。模型的实例化说明了数据的主要特征。
The studies presented in this article investigate the memory processes that underlie two phenomena in threshold identification: word superiority over pseudowords and the repetition effect (a prior presentation of an item facilitates later identification of that item). Codification (ie, the development of a single memory code that can be triggered even by fragmented input information) explains the faster and more accurate identification of words than pseudowords. Our studies trace the development and retention of such codes for repeated pseudowords and examine the growth and loss of the repetition effect for both pseudowords and words. After approximately five prior occurrences, words and pseudowords are identified equally accurately in two types of threshold identification tasks, suggesting codification has been completed for pseudowords. Although the initial word advantage disappears, the accuracy of identification still increases with repetitions. The facilitation caused by repetition is not affected much by spacing within a session, but drops from one day to the next, and after a delay of one year has disappeared (new and old words were identified equally well). These results suggest an episodic basis for the repetition effect. Most important, after one year, performance is equal for old pseudowords and new and old words: all these levels are superior to that for new pseudowords, suggesting that the learned codes for pseudowords are as strong and permanent as the codes for words. A model of identification is presented in which feedback from codes and episodic images in memory facilitates letter processing. An instantiation of the model accounts for the major features of the data.