Human Microplastics Exposure and Potential Health Risks to Target Organs by Different Routes: A Review
Human Microplastics Exposure and Potential Health Risks to Target Organs by Different Routes: A Review
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DOI：
10.1007/s40726-023-00273-8
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发表时间：
2023-08
影响因子：
7.3
通讯作者：
Ziye Yang;Meixue Wang;Zhiwei Feng;Ziqi Wang;M. Lv;Jinghao Chang;Li-qiong Chen;Can Wang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ziye Yang;Meixue Wang;Zhiwei Feng;Ziqi Wang;M. Lv;Jinghao Chang;Li-qiong Chen;Can Wang
Purpose of ReviewMicroplastics in the environment enter the human body through diet, drinking water, and air inhalation. The widespread detection of microplastics in several human tissues was conducted. However, limited knowledge exists on the number of microplastics that can be ingested by humans and the potential adverse effects on various organs. To address these issues, we reviewed the types and abundance of microplastics through different pathways and summarized the average annual intake in humans.Recent FindingsAn adult can ingest about (4.88–5.77) × 105microplastics/year through the dietary route [including salt (5.00–7.00) × 103, fish (0.50–1.20)×104, fruits (4.48–4.62) × 105, and vegetables (2.96–9.55)×104]. The amount of microplastics ingested via drinking water route was approximately (0.22–1.2)×106microplastics/year. Inhalation of microplastics via atmospheric environment was nearly (0.21–2.51) × 106microplastics/year [including indoor (0.16–2.30) × 106and outdoor (0.46–2.10)×105].SummaryIn conclusion, we found that the human body ingests microplastics most through inhalation, followed by drinking water and diet. We also summarized the types and abundance of microplastics that were enriched in different organs after microplastics entered the human body. Microplastics entering the body would cross the barrier into the target effector organs and cause adverse health effects, mainly including induction of intracellular oxidative stress, genotoxicity, reproductive toxicity, and inflammatory responses. In conclusion, exposure to microplastics can cause many adverse effects on the health of the organism. Thus, an increased awareness of the crisis, urgent discussion, and practical actions are needed to mitigate microplastics contaminants in the environment.Graphical Abstract
