NEUROSTEROIDS - A NEW BRAIN-FUNCTION
NEUROSTEROIDS - A NEW BRAIN-FUNCTION
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DOI：
10.1016/0960-0760(90)90490-c
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发表时间：
1990-11-20
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
ROBEL, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BAULIEU, EE;ROBEL, P
神经类固醇的生物合成通过胆固醇侧链裂解进行，并产生孕烯醇酮 (P) 和脱氢表雄酮 (D)。 这些类固醇在大鼠大脑中积累，独立于周围内分泌腺的供应。 这导致基于酶免疫细胞化学和放射性前体转化为 C-21 类固醇的大鼠脑少突胶质细胞中类固醇生物合成途径的发现。 P 和 D 已被提出多种生物学功能。它们可能作为其他类固醇（例如孕酮和睾酮及其代谢物）的前体。 它们涉及某些行为活动的控制。 它们对神经元有兴奋作用，并调节 GABA(A) 受体的功能。 这些观察结果可能适用于包括人类在内的所有哺乳动物物种，并且神经类固醇合成的生理意义需要进一步研究。类固醇与大脑功能之间的关系可能会根据一个新事实重新考虑：这些化合物从胆固醇的生物合成途径的存在，在大脑中由合成髓磷脂的少突胶质细胞和神经胶质细胞保证。
The biosynthesis of neurosteroids proceeds through cholesterol side-chain cleavage, and gives rise to pregnenolone (P) and dehydroepiandrosterone (D). These steroids accumulate in the rat brain independently of the supply by peripheral endocrine glands. This led to the discovery of a steroid biosynthesis pathway in rat brain oligodendrocytes based on enzyme immunocytochemistry and conversion of radioactive precursors to C-21 steroids. Several biological functions have been proposed for P and D. They may serve as precursors of other steroids (such as progesterone and testosterone and their metabolites). They are implicated in the control of some behavioural activities. They have excitatory effects on neurons, and they modulate the function of GABA(A)-receptors. These observations may apply to all mammalian species including the human, and the physiological significance of neurosteroid synthesis needs further investigation.The relationship between steroids and cerebral function may be reconsidered in the light of a new fact: the existence of a biosynthetic pathway of these compounds from cholesterol, assured in the brain by the oligodendrocytes, glial cells which synthesize myelin.