Categories influence predictions about individual consistency.
Categories influence predictions about individual consistency.
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-8624.2008.01188.x
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发表时间：
2008-09
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
M. Rhodes;S. Gelman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Rhodes;S. Gelman
预测人们未来的行为是一项重要的社会认知任务。在四项研究（N = 150，年龄从学龄前到成人）中，幼儿（4-5岁）使用类别信息来指导他们对个体一致性的期望。他们预测，在听到一个例子后，心理属性（偏好和恐惧）将随着时间的推移保持一致，其中属性遵循类别关联分布（例如，不同性别的儿童具有不同的属性），但当属性在一个类别内变化时则不是这样（例如，同一性别的孩子有不同的属性）。考察了这些发现的发展过程。结果表明，考虑儿童的行为和社会群体的新兴理论如何共同运作，告知他们对社会世界的期望的重要性。
Predicting how people will behave in the future is a critical social-cognitive task. In four studies (N = 150, ages preschool to adult), young children (ages 4-5) used category information to guide their expectations about individual consistency. They predicted that psychological properties (preferences and fears) would remain consistent over time after hearing one example in which properties followed a category-linked distribution (e.g., children of different genders had different properties) but not when properties varied within a category (e.g., children of the same gender had different properties). The developmental course of these findings is examined. Results suggest the importance of considering how children's emerging theories of behavior and of social groups operate together to inform their expectations about the social world.