Memory and learning with rapid audiovisual sequences.
Memory and learning with rapid audiovisual sequences.
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DOI：
10.1167/15.15.7
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发表时间：
2015-11
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Arielle S. Keller;R. Sekuler
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Arielle S. Keller;R. Sekuler
我们研究了嵌入在不同多感觉环境中的视觉刺激序列的短期记忆。在两个实验中，受试者判断视觉序列的结构，而不考虑与任务无关的并行听觉序列。刺激是由八个项目组成的序列，其中不同的亮度和频率同时快速地呈现(以8赫兹)。受试者判断视觉序列中的最后四个项目是否与前四个项目相同。每个序列中的亮度和频率要么是感知上相关的(一致的)，要么是彼此无关的(不一致的)。实验一表明，尽管被试被鼓励忽略听觉流，但受试者对视觉序列的分类受到伴随的听觉序列的强烈影响。此外，这种影响跟踪了刺激单独的音频和视觉序列之间的相似性，表明与任务无关的听觉序列经历了相当程度的处理。实验二使用Hebb重复设计的一种变体，比较了受过音乐训练的受试者和在实验一中使用的相同任务中很少或没有接受过音乐训练的受试者。测试序列包括一些间歇性和随机重复的序列，这些序列产生的性能比每次试验重新生成的序列更好。与其他受试者相比，重现视听序列的听觉部分对受过音乐训练的受试者的影响更大。这一结果表明，刺激选择性的、与任务无关的序列学习可以发生，即使这种学习是正在执行的任务的附带副产品。
We examined short-term memory for sequences of visual stimuli embedded in varying multisensory contexts. In two experiments, subjects judged the structure of the visual sequences while disregarding concurrent, but task-irrelevant auditory sequences. Stimuli were eight-item sequences in which varying luminances and frequencies were presented concurrently and rapidly (at 8 Hz). Subjects judged whether the final four items in a visual sequence identically replicated the first four items. Luminances and frequencies in each sequence were either perceptually correlated (Congruent) or were unrelated to one another (Incongruent). Experiment 1 showed that, despite encouragement to ignore the auditory stream, subjects' categorization of visual sequences was strongly influenced by the accompanying auditory sequences. Moreover, this influence tracked the similarity between a stimulus's separate audio and visual sequences, demonstrating that task-irrelevant auditory sequences underwent a considerable degree of processing. Using a variant of Hebb's repetition design, Experiment 2 compared musically trained subjects and subjects who had little or no musical training on the same task as used in Experiment 1. Test sequences included some that intermittently and randomly recurred, which produced better performance than sequences that were generated anew for each trial. The auditory component of a recurring audiovisual sequence influenced musically trained subjects more than it did other subjects. This result demonstrates that stimulus-selective, task-irrelevant learning of sequences can occur even when such learning is an incidental by-product of the task being performed.