Generalization and Multirate Models of Motor Adaptation
Generalization and Multirate Models of Motor Adaptation
复制标题
运动适应的泛化和多速率模型
作者：
Hirokazu Tanaka;J. Krakauer;T. Sejnowski
摘要当受试者在系统力或视觉扰动的环境中调整他们的伸展运动时，适应的泛化可以通过两种方式进行心理评估：通过测试适应结束时工作空间中未经训练的位置（缓慢的适应后泛化）或通过确定适应过程中错误对下一次试验的影响（快速的逐试泛化）。这两种概括的方法在心理物理学研究中被广泛使用，但它们可能不同的原因还没有得到明确的解决。我们的目标是开发一个计算框架，用于确定两态模型何时被数据证明是合理的，并探索这两种类型的泛化对运动神经表征的影响。我们首先研究了，对于单目标学习，如何以及标准的统计模型选择程序可以区分两个过程模型从单过程模型时，学习和保留系数系统地变化。然后，我们建立了一个多目标学习的双状态模型，并表明，如果一个适应过程确实是双速率的，那么后适应泛化方法主要是探测缓慢的过程，而一次又一次的尝试泛化方法是最有用的快速过程。快速的过程，由于其强大的敏感性，试验错误，主要是由审判的推广，而强大的保留缓慢的系统主要是适应后的推广。因此，当适应可以被证明是双速率时，两种泛化措施可以探测运动方向的不同大脑表征。
Abstract When subjects adapt their reaching movements in the setting of a systematic force or visual perturbation, generalization of adaptation can be assessed psychophysically in two ways: by testing untrained locations in the work space at the end of adaptation (slow postadaptation generalization) or by determining the influence of an error on the next trial during adaptation (fast trial-by-trial generalization). These two measures of generalization have been widely used in psychophysical studies, but the reason that they might differ has not been addressed explicitly. Our goal was to develop a computational framework for determining when a two-state model is justified by the data and to explore the implications of these two types of generalization for neural representations of movements. We first investigated, for single-target learning, how well standard statistical model selection procedures can discriminate two-process models from single-process models when learning and retention coefficients were systematically varied. We then built a two-state model for multitarget learning and showed that if an adaptation process is indeed two-rate, then the postadaptation generalization approach primarily probes the slow process, whereas the trial-by-trial generalization approach is most informative about the fast process. The fast process, due to its strong sensitivity to trial error, contributes predominantly to trial-by-trial generalization, whereas the strong retention of the slow system contributes predominantly to postadaptation generalization. Thus, when adaptation can be shown to be two-rate, the two measures of generalization may probe different brain representations of movement direction.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.93.9.3843
发表时间：
1996-04-30
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Gandolfo, F;MussaIvaldi, FA;Bizzi, E
通讯作者：
Bizzi, E
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Zarahn, Eric;Weston, Gregory D.;Krakauer, John W.
通讯作者：
Krakauer, John W.
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Tseng, Ya-weng;Diedrichsen, Jorn;Bastian, Amy J.
通讯作者：
Bastian, Amy J.
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Shadmehr, R
通讯作者：
Shadmehr, R
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Cheng, Sen;Sabes, Philip N.
通讯作者：
Sabes, Philip N.