Frontal and parietal lobe activation during transitive inference in humans
Frontal and parietal lobe activation during transitive inference in humans
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DOI：
10.1093/cercor/12.12.1312
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发表时间：
2002-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Sanes, JN
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Acuna, BD;Eliassen, JC;Sanes, JN
当参与者对11个项目进行传递推理（例如，如果A < B和B < C，则A < C）时，功能磁共振成像（MRI）确定了在推理过程中参与知识操作的皮质区域。最初，参与者学习了一系列任意排序的视觉形状。学习是通过接触序列中相邻的成对列表项目来实现的。随后，当参与者对非相邻序列项目执行TI时，获得功能性MR图像。控制任务包括高度比较（HT）和被动观看（VIS）。TI任务与HT任务的比较确定了由TI引起的激活，称为“推理”，同时控制规则应用，决策过程，感知和运动，统称为“支持过程”。HT-VIS比较显示与支持过程相关的激活。TI推理网络包括双侧前额叶皮层（PFC）、前辅助运动区（preSMA）、前运动区（PMA）、脑岛、楔前叶和外侧后顶叶皮层。相比之下，被支持过程激活的皮质区域包括双侧辅助运动区（SMA）、初级运动皮质（M1）、躯体感觉皮质和右侧前皮层。这些结果强调了前额叶-顶叶网络在操纵信息以形成基于熟悉事实的新知识方面的作用。研究结果还表明，PFC的激活超越了短期记忆，还包括与推理相关的心理操作。
Cortical areas engaged in knowledge manipulation during reasoning were identified with functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) while participants performed transitive inference (TI) on an ordered list of 11 items (e.g. if A < B and B < C, then A < C). Initially, participants learned a list of arbitrarily ordered visual shapes. Learning occurred by exposure to pairs of list items that were adjacent in the sequence. Subsequently, functional MR images were acquired as participants performed TI on non-adjacent sequence items. Control tasks consisted of height comparisons (HT) and passive viewing (VIS). Comparison of the TI task with the HT task identified activation resulting from TI, termed 'reasoning', while controlling for rule application, decision processes, perception, and movement, collectively termed 'support processes'. The HT-VIS comparison revealed activation related to support processes. The TI reasoning network included bilateral prefrontal cortex (PFC), pre-supplementary motor area (preSMA), premotor area (PMA), insula, precuneus, and lateral posterior parietal cortex. By contrast, cortical regions activated by support processes included the bilateral supplementary motor area (SMA), primary motor cortex (M1), somatic sensory cortices, and right PMA. These results emphasize the role of a prefrontal-parietal network in manipulating information to form new knowledge based on familiar facts. The findings also demonstrate PFC activation beyond short-term memory to include mental operations associated with reasoning.