The Dichotomous Role of Extracellular Vesicles in the Central Nervous System.
The Dichotomous Role of Extracellular Vesicles in the Central Nervous System.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.isci.2020.101456
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发表时间：
2020-09-25
期刊：
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Savas, Jeffrey N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Graykowski, David R;Wang, Yi-Zhi;Savas, Jeffrey N
细胞外囊泡是细胞间通讯的重要介质。对中枢神经系统（CNS）衍生EV作用的兴趣一直在增加;然而，对其重要性的一些怀疑一直存在，因为其生物学的许多方面仍然难以捉摸。这种模糊性主要是由于技术障碍，阻碍了我们全面了解其分子组成和负责其传输和吸收的机制的能力。然而，越来越多的证据支持这样一种观点，即EV在神经发育和突触可塑性期间在CNS内的基本生理过程中发挥重要作用。有趣的是，EV还在神经退行性疾病中传播毒性多肽。对EV在CNS中发挥的作用进行更深入的了解可能会导致生物标志物和潜在的药物递送载体的鉴定。在这里，我们强调了我们目前对CNS EV的理解，并总结了我们目前对它们在CNS中复杂作用的理解。
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are important mediators of intercellular communication. Interest in the role of central nervous system (CNS)-derived EVs has been increasing; however, some skepticism of their importance has persisted because many aspects of their biology remain elusive. This ambiguity is largely due to technical barriers that hamper our ability to achieve a comprehensive understanding of their molecular components and mechanisms responsible for their transmission and uptake. However, accumulating evidence supports the notion that EVs play important roles in basic physiological processes within the CNS during neurodevelopment and synaptic plasticity. Interestingly, EVs also act to spread toxic polypeptides in neurodegenerative diseases. Developing a more profound understanding of the role that EVs play in the CNS could lead to the identification of biomarkers and potential vehicles for drug delivery. Here we highlight our current understanding of CNS EVs and summarize our current understanding of their complex role in the CNS.