Assessment of CO2 and priority pollutant reduction by installation of shoreside power
Assessment of CO2 and priority pollutant reduction by installation of shoreside power
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DOI：
10.1016/j.resconrec.2009.10.002
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发表时间：
2010-05
影响因子：
13.2
通讯作者：
W. Hall
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
W. Hall
海运越来越被认为是氮氧化物、二氧化硫、一氧化碳和颗粒物（PM）等优先污染物以及主要温室气体二氧化碳的重要来源。当船舶停泊时，船舶的大气排放特别令人担忧，因为它们消耗大量的电力，这些电力是由低效的船上柴油发动机产生的，导致不必要的优先污染物和温室气体排放。使用船上发电的一种替代方案是将船舶连接到岸上的电力供应;这被称为岸上电力或冷熨烫。在本文中，我们已经调查的影响，岸电可能会有船舶在泊位上的CO2排放量，如果电力是从国家电网。我们已经使用国际能源机构的数据库电力供应和大气排放量来计算CO2的质量，这将是排放的，如果船舶从国家电网汲取电力，并比较现有的排放量从船舶停泊在文献中报道的结果。此外，我们还计算了氮氧化物，二氧化硫和CO排放量的变化，如果岸上的权力是在英国实施。我们发现，在大多数主要的海洋国家，使用从国家电网中提取的岸上电力可以导致二氧化碳排放量的显着减少，特别是在日本，英国和意大利。在美国，可以实现二氧化碳排放量的小幅减少，而在中国，岸边发电可能导致二氧化碳排放量增加38%。我们用三个案例研究来证明我们的发现。
Maritime shipping is becoming increasingly recognised as an important source of both priority pollutants such as NOx, SO2, CO, and particulate matter (PM) and the main greenhouse gas, CO2. The atmospheric emissions from ships are of particular concern when vessels are at berth, because they consume significant quantities of electrical power which is generated by inefficient onboard diesel engines leading to unnecessary emissions of priority pollutants and greenhouse gasses. One alternative to using onboard power generation is to connect ships to an onshore electrical supply; this is referred to as shoreside power or cold-ironing. In this paper, we have investigated the impact that shoreside power could have on the CO2emissions from ships at berth if the electrical power was drawn from national electricity grids. We have used International Energy Agency databases on electrical supply and atmospheric emissions to calculate the mass of CO2which would be emitted if ships were to draw electrical power from national electricity grids and compared the results to the existing emissions from ships at berth reported in the literature. In addition, we have calculated the change in NOx, SO2, and CO emissions if shoreside power were to be implemented in the United Kingdom. We have found that in the majority of major maritime nations, the use of shoreside power drawn from national electricity grids could lead to a significant reduction in CO2emissions, most notably in Japan, UK, and Italy. In the US, small reductions in CO2emissions could be achieved, while in China shoreside power could lead to a 38% increase in CO2emissions. We have demonstrated our findings using three case studies.