Expansion and diversification of the MSDIN family of cyclic peptide genes in the poisonous agarics Amanita phalloides and A. bisporigera.
Expansion and diversification of the MSDIN family of cyclic peptide genes in the poisonous agarics Amanita phalloides and A. bisporigera.
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DOI：
10.1186/s12864-016-3378-7
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发表时间：
2016-12-15
期刊：
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Walton JD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pulman JA;Childs KL;Sgambelluri RM;Walton JD
鹅膏菌的环肽毒素，如α-鹅膏菌素和鬼笔环肽，由“MSDIN”基因家族编码并通过核糖体生物合成。基于部分基因组序列和PCR分析，MSDIN家族的一些成员先前在双孢鹅膏菌中被鉴定，并且其他几个成员已知来自鹅膏菌属的其他物种。然而，任何一个物种的完整补体，以及这些真菌产生环肽的遗传能力，仍然是未知的。两种产环肽蘑菇的基因组序列草图，“死亡帽”A。phalloides和“毁灭天使”A. bisporigera，获得。每个物种都有大约30个MSDIN基因，其中大部分被预测编码未知的环肽。一些MSDIN基因在一个或另一个物种中重复，但只有三个是两个物种共有的。编码环金刚烷胺B（先前描述的无毒环七肽）的基因也存在于A中。phalloides，但antamanide和cycloamanides A，C和D的基因不是。以.在双孢霉中，观察到MSDIN家族成员中的20个的RNA表达。根据预测的序列，采用LC/MS/MS技术从黄芪提取物中寻找新的环肽。鬼笔状。由此证明存在两种环肽，命名为环金刚烷E和F，具有结构环（SFFFPVP）和环（IVGILGLP）。在之前报道的另一个A.在目前的基因组组装中，14个中有9个未被发现。两种真菌MSDIN基因和环肽互补序列的差异可能代表了地理上分散的A. phalloides和定义不明确的A.双孢属种复合体。A. phalloides和A. bisporigera含有两个脯氨酰寡肽酶基因，其中一个（POPB）可能与Galerina marginata一样致力于环肽的生物合成。MSDIN基因家族在鹅膏菌属鬼笔亚科中迅速扩展和分化。在一起，A。bisporigera和A.鬼笔状体预计具有制备超过50种环状六肽、七肽、八肽、九肽和十肽的能力。本文的在线版本（doi：10.1186/s12864-016-3378-7）包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。
The cyclic peptide toxins of Amanita mushrooms, such as α-amanitin and phalloidin, are encoded by the “MSDIN” gene family and ribosomally biosynthesized. Based on partial genome sequence and PCR analysis, some members of the MSDIN family were previously identified in Amanita bisporigera, and several other members are known from other species of Amanita. However, the complete complement in any one species, and hence the genetic capacity for these fungi to make cyclic peptides, remains unknown. Draft genome sequences of two cyclic peptide-producing mushrooms, the “Death Cap” A. phalloides and the “Destroying Angel” A. bisporigera, were obtained. Each species has ~30 MSDIN genes, most of which are predicted to encode unknown cyclic peptides. Some MSDIN genes were duplicated in one or the other species, but only three were common to both species. A gene encoding cycloamanide B, a previously described nontoxic cyclic heptapeptide, was also present in A. phalloides, but genes for antamanide and cycloamanides A, C, and D were not. In A. bisporigera, RNA expression was observed for 20 of the MSDIN family members. Based on their predicted sequences, novel cyclic peptides were searched for by LC/MS/MS in extracts of A. phalloides. The presence of two cyclic peptides, named cycloamanides E and F with structures cyclo(SFFFPVP) and cyclo(IVGILGLP), was thereby demonstrated. Of the MSDIN genes reported earlier from another specimen of A. bisporigera, 9 of 14 were not found in the current genome assembly. Differences between previous and current results for the complement of MSDIN genes and cyclic peptides in the two fungi probably represents natural variation among geographically dispersed isolates of A. phalloides and among the members of the poorly defined A. bisporigera species complex. Both A. phalloides and A. bisporigera contain two prolyl oligopeptidase genes, one of which (POPB) is probably dedicated to cyclic peptide biosynthesis as it is in Galerina marginata. The MSDIN gene family has expanded and diverged rapidly in Amanita section Phalloideae. Together, A. bisporigera and A. phalloides are predicted to have the capacity to make more than 50 cyclic hexa-, hepta-, octa-, nona- and decapeptides. The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-016-3378-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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