Role of the microbiology laboratory in infectious disease surveillance, alert and response.
Role of the microbiology laboratory in infectious disease surveillance, alert and response.
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1469-0691.2005.01081.x
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发表时间：
2005-04
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Cantón R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cantón R
监测通常被定义为持续和系统地收集、分析和解释对规划、实施和评估公共卫生实践至关重要的卫生数据。近年来，大多数这些方案是在抗菌素耐药性和医院感染领域制定的，但在其他领域也作出了努力。最近出现的微生物威胁，包括严重急性呼吸系统综合征和影响人类的新型流感变种，传染病问题的重新出现以及生物恐怖主义的可能性，都证明有必要实施传染病监测方案。临床微生物学实验室在这些方案中发挥关键作用。他们有第一时间发现这些问题，并应参与报告战略的设计和这一信息的传播。应利用被动监测战略制定向国家和国际当局提供数据的政策。然而，积极监测方案利用新的方法，包括虚拟工具和数学程序，应是早期发现微生物病原体异常模式、爆发和与卫生保健有关的感染的目标。此外，应对策略的早期实施应在微生物实验室的合作下设计和执行，干预和应对方案应在临床微生物学家的参与下确定。
Surveillance is usually defined as the ongoing and systematic collection, analysis and interpretation of health data essential to the planning, implementation and evaluation of public health practice. During recent years, most of these programmes have been developed in the field of antimicrobial resistance and nosocomial infections, but efforts have also been made in other areas. Recent experiences of emerging microbial threats, including severe acute respiratory syndrome and new influenza variants affecting humans, the re-emergence of infectious disease problems and the possibility of bioterrorism have evidenced the need for implementation of infectious disease surveillance programmes. Clinical microbiology laboratories play a pivotal role in these programmes. They have the first opportunity to detect these problems and should participate in the design of reporting strategies and dissemination of this information. Policies for the flow of data to national and international authorities should be established using passive surveillance strategies. However, active surveillance programmes taking advantage of new methodologies, including virtual tools and mathematical programs, should be the goal for early detection of unusual patterns of microbial pathogens, outbreaks and healthcare-associated infections. In addition, early implementation of response strategies should be designed and performed with the cooperation of microbiology laboratories, and intervention and response protocols should be defined with the participation of clinical microbiologists.
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