Composition of Bacterial Communities Associated with Aurelia aurita Changes with Compartment, Life Stage, and Population
Composition of Bacterial Communities Associated with Aurelia aurita Changes with Compartment, Life Stage, and Population
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DOI：
10.1128/aem.01601-15
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发表时间：
2015-06
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
N. Weiland-Bräuer;S. Neulinger;N. Pinnow;S. Künzel;J. Baines;R. Schmitz
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
N. Weiland-Bräuer;S. Neulinger;N. Pinnow;S. Künzel;J. Baines;R. Schmitz
摘要大耳奥雷利亚水母是海洋生态系统的重要组成部分，也是生态系统变化的驱动力。因此，它被深入研究，以解决生态问题，尽管它与微生物的联系至今尚未描述。在本研究中，与A.利用荧光原位杂交技术对Aureita进行了观察，并对Aureita不同生活阶段、不同区室和不同种群的群落结构进行了分析。16S rRNA基因扩增产物测序。我们证明了A.耳微生物群通常与环境水中存在的群落组成高度不同。不同发育阶段的微生物群落的比较揭示了生命阶段特异性群落模式的证据。在从底栖水螅到浮游生物生命阶段的横裂过程中，微生物群发生了重大的重组，这表明在变态过程中发生了重组。此外，存在于成体水母的不同隔室（前伞粘液和胃腔）中的微生物群显示出显著差异，表明身体部位特异性定植。在两种隔室特异性微生物群中鉴定出一种新的支原体菌株，并且如息肉的FISH分析所示，其最有可能存在于上皮内，表明潜在的内共生。最后，在相同的环境水中，在相同的控制实验室条件下保持不同种群的珊瑚虫的比较显示出种群特异性的群落模式，最有可能是由于宿主的遗传背景。总之，所呈现的数据表明，A.耳可以起到重要的功能作用，例如，在生命周期中。
ABSTRACT The scyphozoan Aurelia aurita is recognized as a key player in marine ecosystems and a driver of ecosystem change. It is thus intensely studied to address ecological questions, although its associations with microorganisms remain so far undescribed. In the present study, the microbiota associated with A. aurita was visualized with fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis, and community structure was analyzed with respect to different life stages, compartments, and populations of A. aurita by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. We demonstrate that the composition of the A. aurita microbiota is generally highly distinct from the composition of communities present in ambient water. Comparison of microbial communities from different developmental stages reveals evidence for life stage-specific community patterns. Significant restructuring of the microbiota during strobilation from benthic polyp to planktonic life stages is present, arguing for a restructuring during the course of metamorphosis. Furthermore, the microbiota present in different compartments of the adult medusa (exumbrella mucus and gastric cavity) display significant differences, indicating body part-specific colonization. A novel Mycoplasma strain was identified in both compartment-specific microbiota and is most likely present inside the epithelium as indicated by FISH analysis of polyps, indicating potential endosymbiosis. Finally, comparison of polyps of different populations kept under the same controlled laboratory conditions in the same ambient water showed population-specific community patterns, most likely due the genetic background of the host. In conclusion, the presented data indicate that the associated microbiota of A. aurita may play important functional roles, e.g., during the life cycle.