Validation and inter-comparison of models for landslide tsunami generation
Validation and inter-comparison of models for landslide tsunami generation
复制标题
滑坡海啸发生模型的验证和相互比较
DOI：
10.1016/j.ocemod.2021.101943
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Escalante, Cipriano
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kirby, James T.;Grilli, Stephan T.;Horrillo, Juan;Liu, Philip L.-F.;Nicolsky, Dmitry;Abadie, Stephane;Ataie-Ashtiani, Behzad;Castro, Manuel J.;Clous, Lucie;Escalante, Cipriano
美国国家海啸减灾方案测绘和建模小组委员会于2017年1月召开了一次研讨会，以评估用于模拟海底或地面滑坡产生的海啸的数值模型的现状。向与会者提供了一系列基准试验，其中强调了三种试验：(i)实验室潜艇在二维水平水槽中的固体滑动，（ii）实验室潜艇在一维水槽中的颗粒滑动，以及（iii）基于1964年阿拉斯加地震期间在阿拉斯加州瓦尔迪兹港发生的潜艇滑动的现场案例。采用21种不同的物理选择组合对9种滑坡海啸模型进行了基准测试，包括：(1)无频散的流体静力模型，其中包括传统上用于模拟同震海啸的非线性浅层方程模型；(2) Boussinesq或单层弱色散模型；(3)多层或非流体静力（即色散）模型；(4)全Navier-Stokes模型。模型/数据比较表明，在模型公式中纳入频散对于获得所考虑的测试用例的物理合理结果至关重要。由于对于任何给定的模拟事件，色散效应的重要性是未知的，因此本工作的中心建议是，在任何可能的情况下，都应使用至少具有频率色散效应的领先阶表示的模型来模拟滑坡海啸。
The Mapping and Modeling Subcommittee of the US National Tsunami Hazard Mitigation Program convened a workshop in January 2017 to evaluate the present state of numerical models for the simulation of tsunamis generated by submarine or subaerial landslides. A range of benchmark tests were provided to participants, with three tests emphasized: (i) a laboratory submarine solid slide in a 2D horizontal tank, (ii) a laboratory submarine granular slide in a 1D flume, and (iii) a field case based on submarine slides which occurred in Port Valdez, AK during the 1964 Alaska earthquake. Nine landslide tsunami models configured with 21 different combinations of physical options were benchmarked, including: (1) hydrostatic models with no frequency dispersion, which include the nonlinear shallow equation models traditionally used for modeling coseismic tsunamis; (2) Boussinesq or one-layer weakly dispersive models; (3) Multi-layer or non-hydrostatic (i.e., dispersive) models; and (4) Full Navier–Stokes models. Model/data comparison indicates that the inclusion of frequency dispersion in model formulations is critical to obtaining physically reasonable results for the test cases considered. Because the importance of dispersive effects is unknowna priorifor any given simulated event, the central recommendation from this work is that a model with at minimum a leading-order representation of frequency dispersion effects be used whenever possible for landslide tsunami simulations.